Unveiling Wound Healing Properties of Biostimulated Walnut Kernel Extracts via Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition: Switching a Nutritional Matrix into a Therapeutic Remedy.

IF 6.6 2区医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Antioxidants Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI:10.3390/antiox14091079

Riccardo Fedeli, Elia Ranzato, Simona Martinotti, Manuela Giovanna Basilicata, Ludovica Marotta, Marianna Fava, Ilaria Cursaro, Giulio Tremori, Gregorio Bonsignore, Gabriele Carullo, Sandra Gemma, Giovanna Aquino, Pietro Campiglia, Giacomo Pepe, Stefania Butini, Stefano Loppi, Giuseppe Campiani

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Abstract

Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) are recognized for their rich nutritional profile and health-promoting properties. This study investigates the impact of biostimulation, via wood distillate application, on the chemical composition and therapeutic potential of walnut kernels, focusing on their wound healing activity. Biostimulated walnuts showed enhanced levels of phenolic compounds including antioxidants, sugars, and amino acids compared to untreated or agrochemically treated controls. Phytocomplexes extracted from walnut kernels using green methodologies were tested on human keratinocytes (HaCaT), revealing pro-migratory effect, boosted by biostimulation. Molecular analyses demonstrated the activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways, marked by downregulation of epithelial markers and upregulation of mesenchymal genes such as MMP3, MMP9, vimentin, and SMAD3. Furthermore, a synergistic effect was observed between extracts derived from biostimulated kernels and manuka honey in promoting wound closure. These findings suggest that kernels from biostimulated walnuts may serve as functional foods, paving the way for their use in regenerative medicine.

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通过上皮间充质转化揭示生物刺激核桃仁提取物的伤口愈合特性：将营养基质转换为治疗药物。

核桃（Juglans regia L.）以其丰富的营养成分和促进健康的特性而闻名。本研究探讨了生物刺激，通过木材馏出物的应用，对核桃仁的化学成分和治疗潜力的影响，重点是它们的伤口愈合活性。与未经处理或农化处理的对照相比，生物刺激的核桃显示出更高的酚类化合物水平，包括抗氧化剂、糖和氨基酸。利用绿色方法从核桃仁中提取植物复合物，对人角质形成细胞（HaCaT）进行了实验，揭示了生物刺激促进迁移的作用。分子分析表明，上皮-间充质转化（EMT）途径被激活，其标志是上皮标志物下调，间充质基因（如MMP3、MMP9、vimentin和SMAD3）上调。此外，生物刺激核提取物和麦卢卡蜂蜜在促进伤口愈合方面具有协同效应。这些发现表明，生物刺激核桃仁可以作为功能性食品，为其在再生医学中的应用铺平道路。

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来源期刊

Antioxidants Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Physiology

CiteScore

10.60

自引率

11.40%

发文量

2123

审稿时长

16.3 days

期刊介绍： Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921), provides an advanced forum for studies related to the science and technology of antioxidants. It publishes research papers, reviews and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.