A Nitrogen Alternative: Use of Plasma Activated Water as Nitrogen Source in Hydroponic Solution for Radish Growth

IF 2.5 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI:10.1007/s11090-025-10569-w

Vikas Rathore, Sudhir Kumar Nema

{"title":"A Nitrogen Alternative: Use of Plasma Activated Water as Nitrogen Source in Hydroponic Solution for Radish Growth","authors":"Vikas Rathore, Sudhir Kumar Nema","doi":"10.1007/s11090-025-10569-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study investigates the potential of Plasma-Activated Water (PAW) as a nitrogen supplement in hydroponic cultivation (HS-N + PAW), specifically focusing on radish seed germination and subsequent plant growth. PAW, produced using a dielectric barrier discharge pencil plasma jet using air as plasma forming gas, is compared against conventional hydroponic solution (HS) and hydroponic solution without nitrogen (HS-N). PAW treatment completely eliminates microbial growth in seeds. Radish plants cultivated with HS-N + PAW display approximately 30% and 3% longer roots compared to those grown with HS-N and HS, respectively, with shoot length increasing by ~ 16.5% (HS-N) and < 1% (HS). Root weight sees a substantial increase of ~ 51% with HS-N + PAW compared to HS-N, while the increase with HS is not significant. Similarly, shoot fresh weight sees a notable increase of 50% (HS-N) and 10% (HS). In terms of biochemical composition, radish roots show a significant increase of approximately 15.3% in soluble sugar concentration with HS-N + PAW compared to HS-N. Protein concentration in radish leaves increases by ~ 5.1% and ~ 19.0% with HS-N + PAW compared to HS-N and HS, respectively. Heightened soluble sugar and protein concentrations in HS-N + PAW-grown plants, indicating enhanced metabolic activity and nutrient uptake. However, variations in chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations in leaves among different growth media are statistically insignificant. The H₂O₂ concentration in both roots and shoots remains consistent across different growth media. However, variations in electrolytic leakage, phenolic leakage, and antioxidant enzyme activities reveal differential responses depending on growth conditions, highlighting how these conditions influence plant stress responses. Furthermore, sensory evaluation and physical attributes analysis underscore the negative effects of nitrogen deficiency in radish plants grown with HS-N. Conversely, HS-N + PAW cultivated plants exhibit improved visual appearance, surface texture, and overall acceptance, highlighting PAW’s potential as a nitrogen source for enhancing plant growth and quality in hydroponic systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":734,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing","volume":"45 4","pages":"1103 - 1123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11090-025-10569-w","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The study investigates the potential of Plasma-Activated Water (PAW) as a nitrogen supplement in hydroponic cultivation (HS-N + PAW), specifically focusing on radish seed germination and subsequent plant growth. PAW, produced using a dielectric barrier discharge pencil plasma jet using air as plasma forming gas, is compared against conventional hydroponic solution (HS) and hydroponic solution without nitrogen (HS-N). PAW treatment completely eliminates microbial growth in seeds. Radish plants cultivated with HS-N + PAW display approximately 30% and 3% longer roots compared to those grown with HS-N and HS, respectively, with shoot length increasing by ~ 16.5% (HS-N) and < 1% (HS). Root weight sees a substantial increase of ~ 51% with HS-N + PAW compared to HS-N, while the increase with HS is not significant. Similarly, shoot fresh weight sees a notable increase of 50% (HS-N) and 10% (HS). In terms of biochemical composition, radish roots show a significant increase of approximately 15.3% in soluble sugar concentration with HS-N + PAW compared to HS-N. Protein concentration in radish leaves increases by ~ 5.1% and ~ 19.0% with HS-N + PAW compared to HS-N and HS, respectively. Heightened soluble sugar and protein concentrations in HS-N + PAW-grown plants, indicating enhanced metabolic activity and nutrient uptake. However, variations in chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations in leaves among different growth media are statistically insignificant. The H₂O₂ concentration in both roots and shoots remains consistent across different growth media. However, variations in electrolytic leakage, phenolic leakage, and antioxidant enzyme activities reveal differential responses depending on growth conditions, highlighting how these conditions influence plant stress responses. Furthermore, sensory evaluation and physical attributes analysis underscore the negative effects of nitrogen deficiency in radish plants grown with HS-N. Conversely, HS-N + PAW cultivated plants exhibit improved visual appearance, surface texture, and overall acceptance, highlighting PAW’s potential as a nitrogen source for enhancing plant growth and quality in hydroponic systems.

查看原文本刊更多论文

氮替代品：等离子体活化水作为萝卜水培液氮源的研究

本研究探讨了血浆活化水（PAW）在水培栽培（HS-N + PAW）中作为氮补充物的潜力，特别是关注萝卜种子萌发和随后的植物生长。PAW采用介质阻挡放电铅笔等离子体射流，以空气作为等离子体形成气体，将其与常规水培溶液（HS）和无氮水培溶液（HS- n）进行比较。PAW处理完全消除了种子中的微生物生长。与HS- n和HS相比，HS- n + PAW栽培的萝卜根系分别增加了约30%和3%，茎长增加了约16.5% （HS- n）和1% （HS）。HS- n + PAW处理的根重比HS- n处理显著增加~ 51%，HS处理的根重增加不显著。同样，鲜重也显著增加50% （HS- n）和10% （HS）。在生化成分方面，与HS-N相比，HS-N + PAW处理萝卜根系的可溶性糖浓度显著提高约15.3%。与HS- n和HS相比，HS- n + PAW处理萝卜叶片蛋白质含量分别提高了~ 5.1%和~ 19.0%。在HS-N + paw的植物中，可溶性糖和蛋白质浓度升高，表明代谢活性和营养吸收增强。然而，叶片中叶绿素和类胡萝卜素浓度在不同生长介质中的变化在统计学上不显著。在不同的生长介质中，根和芽的H₂O₂浓度保持一致。然而，电解泄漏、酚类泄漏和抗氧化酶活性的变化揭示了不同生长条件下的不同反应，突出了这些条件如何影响植物的胁迫反应。此外，感官评价和物理特性分析强调了HS-N对萝卜植株缺氮的负面影响。相反，HS-N + PAW栽培的植物具有更好的视觉外观，表面纹理和整体接受度，突出了PAW作为促进水培系统中植物生长和质量的氮源的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Publishing original papers on fundamental and applied research in plasma chemistry and plasma processing, the scope of this journal includes processing plasmas ranging from non-thermal plasmas to thermal plasmas, and fundamental plasma studies as well as studies of specific plasma applications. Such applications include but are not limited to plasma catalysis, environmental processing including treatment of liquids and gases, biological applications of plasmas including plasma medicine and agriculture, surface modification and deposition, powder and nanostructure synthesis, energy applications including plasma combustion and reforming, resource recovery, coupling of plasmas and electrochemistry, and plasma etching. Studies of chemical kinetics in plasmas, and the interactions of plasmas with surfaces are also solicited. It is essential that submissions include substantial consideration of the role of the plasma, for example, the relevant plasma chemistry, plasma physics or plasma–surface interactions; manuscripts that consider solely the properties of materials or substances processed using a plasma are not within the journal’s scope.