Integration of the metabolome and transcriptome provides insights into the biochemical and molecular basis of the flower color of Impatiens balsamina

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114413

Yunsheng Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Flower color is a vital horticultural trait, and Impatiens balsamina, a popular ornamental plant, exhibits a range of flower colors. In a comprehensive study, the transcriptomes and metabolomes of white, pink, and red I. balsamina petals were analyzed to uncover the biochemical and molecular basis underlying the flower color of I. balsamina. A total of 823 metabolites and 35,371 expressed genes were identified, including eight anthocyanins, a total of 34 key structural genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis (e.g., IbCHS, IbCHI, IbCYP75A, IbCYP75B1, IbF3H, IbDFR, IbANS, IbBZ1, IbUGT75C1, IbUGT79B1), and 2009 transcription factor (TF) genes. The anthocyanins malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride and cyanidin-3-O-galactoside chloride were found to be responsible for the red coloration, while kuromanin chloride was speculated to contribute to the pink hue. The accumulation levels of these anthocyanins were significantly correlated with the expression levels of certain structural genes (e.g., IbBZ1, IbDFR, IbF3H) and TF genes (e.g., IbWRKY, IbMYB, IbbHLH). Two coexpression gene network modules (CEGNMs) were identified as key regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Specifically, the MEbrown module positively regulated the accumulation of several anthocyanins, including cyanidin 3-(6′'-caffeoyl-6′''-feruloylsophoroside)-5-glucoside, cyanidin 3-(6′'-malonyl)glucoside, and pelargonidin-3,5-O-diglucoside chloride. Meanwhile, the MEpink module positively regulated the levels of malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride and kuromanin chloride. Protein-protein interactions among structural genes, between structural genes and chromosome P450 genes, and between structural genes and CCAAT-binding TFs also influenced anthocyanin biosynthesis. These findings elucidate the biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying flower color formation in Impatiens balsamina, particularly the regulatory roles of key gene co-expression network modules (such as MEbrown and MEpink) in anthocyanin biosynthesis. They provide an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for flower color breeding in I. balsamina and potentially other Impatiens species.

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代谢组和转录组的整合为凤仙花颜色的生化和分子基础提供了新的见解

花的颜色是一个重要的园艺特征，凤仙花凤仙花，一个流行的观赏植物，展示了一系列的花的颜色。本研究通过对白、粉、红三种香草花瓣转录组和代谢组的分析，揭示了香草花色的生化和分子基础。共鉴定出823个代谢物和35371个表达基因，其中花青素8个，参与花青素生物合成的关键结构基因共34个（如IbCHS、IbCHI、IbCYP75A、IbCYP75B1、IbF3H、IbDFR、IbANS、IbBZ1、IbUGT75C1、IbUGT79B1），转录因子（TF）基因2009个。花青素malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride和花青素-3- o -半乳糖苷chloride被发现是红色的原因，而kuromanin chloride被推测是粉红色的原因。这些花青素的积累水平与某些结构基因（如IbBZ1、IbDFR、IbF3H）和TF基因（如IbWRKY、IbMYB、IbbHLH）的表达水平显著相关。两个共表达基因网络模块（CEGNMs）被鉴定为花青素生物合成的关键调控因子。具体来说，MEbrown模块正向调节几种花青素的积累，包括花青素3-(6′-咖啡基-6′-阿魏酰基sophoside)-5-葡萄糖苷、花青素3-（6′-丙二醇基）葡萄糖苷和天竺葵苷-3,5- o -二葡萄糖苷氯化物。同时，MEpink模块正向调节malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride和kuromanin chloride的水平。结构基因之间、结构基因与染色体P450基因之间、结构基因与ccaat结合tf之间的蛋白-蛋白相互作用也影响花青素的生物合成。这些发现阐明了凤仙花颜色形成的生化和分子机制，特别是关键基因共表达网络模块（如MEbrown和MEpink）在花青素生物合成中的调控作用。为凤仙花及其他凤仙花的花色育种提供了重要的理论依据和实践指导。

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来源期刊

Scientia Horticulturae 农林科学-园艺

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

4.70%

发文量

796

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Scientia Horticulturae is an international journal publishing research related to horticultural crops. Articles in the journal deal with open or protected production of vegetables, fruits, edible fungi and ornamentals under temperate, subtropical and tropical conditions. Papers in related areas (biochemistry, micropropagation, soil science, plant breeding, plant physiology, phytopathology, etc.) are considered, if they contain information of direct significance to horticulture. Papers on the technical aspects of horticulture (engineering, crop processing, storage, transport etc.) are accepted for publication only if they relate directly to the living product. In the case of plantation crops, those yielding a product that may be used fresh (e.g. tropical vegetables, citrus, bananas, and other fruits) will be considered, while those papers describing the processing of the product (e.g. rubber, tobacco, and quinine) will not. The scope of the journal includes all horticultural crops but does not include speciality crops such as, medicinal crops or forestry crops, such as bamboo. Basic molecular studies without any direct application in horticulture will not be considered for this journal.