Active prefabricated façade with building-integrated photovoltaic (APF-BIPV) technologies for high energy efficient building renovation: a systematic review of recent research advancements

Abstract

Active Prefabricated Façade with building-integrated photovoltaic (APF-BIPV) technologies used in the prefabricated building envelope component offer a promising approach to energy-efficient building renovation, combining renewable energy generation with modular construction advantages. This study systematically reviews APF-BIPV technologies, assessing their technological development, performance optimization, economic feasibility, and policy implications. Based on PRISMA methodology, the review includes not only peer-reviewed publications from Scopus and Web of Science but also analyzes research outputs from European-funded projects, highlighting the significant technological advancements that have transformed prefabricated façade components from basic cladding systems into highly integrated, multifunctional building elements, integrating PV technology for renewable energy production. This systematic review study shows that the combination of PV integrated in modular prefabricated construction holds significant future relevance, offering a dual benefit: reducing the energy consumption while promoting energy self-sufficiency in buildings. Over the past decade, the number of research publications on Active Prefabricated Façades (APF) has increased by approximately 3.5 times across the Scopus and Web of Science databases, demonstrating the significant potential of this technology. At the same time, APF-related projects in Europe have been strongly supported and promoted through funding schemes and policy initiatives. The integration of PV systems in modular prefabricated construction represents a strategic win–win collaboration between research and industry projects, where academic innovation meets practical application. This research aims to establish a reference framework for innovation in the field of active prefabricated envelope systems, offering a comprehensive overview of current technologies, integration strategies, and emerging trends.