{"title":"Comprehensive evaluation of heat response in commonly cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces of Tunisia","authors":"Rania Djemal, Chantal Ebel, Ikram Zaidi, Mohamed Najib Saidi, Agostino Fricano, Moez Hanin","doi":"10.1007/s11738-025-03810-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mediterranean cereal crop production is expected to be severely affected by heat waves. Our knowledge on the physiological and molecular responses of barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i> L) to elevated temperature is particularly scarce. Here, we performed a multivariate analysis to evaluate the response to heat stress of the most common barley landraces (Arturio, Kounouz, Farandole, Arkansas, Manel, Mercure, Sextine, Imen, Rihane) grown in Tunisia. After an exposure of these genotypes during the vegetative growth stage to high temperature (32 °C) for 5 days, measurements of growth parameters along with physiological, biochemical and molecular analyses were performed. Our results showed a large variation among these genotypes in root length, plant height, number of leaves, relative water content (RWC), electrolyte leakage (EL), the contents of chlorophyll, proline, soluble sugars and antioxidants enzymes activities like CAT and SOD. Principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap analysis showed that Kounouz and other landraces including Imen, Rihane, Manel, and Mercure are predominantly associated with heat stress tolerance parameters like CAT, SOD, RWC, and soluble sugars activities. However, Farandole, Arturio, and Arkansas are rather associated with the oxidative stress marker H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and MDA. Kounouz and Farandole appear as contrasting varieties with heat stress tolerant and sensitive traits respectively, as it was confirmed by evaluating the oxidative stress status. Remarkably, expression analysis of stress-responsive genes in the two contrasting genotypes under heat stress, showed higher induction of most of these genes in Kounouz compared to Farandole. Altogether, this study strongly suggests that Kounouz is among the most heat-tolerant genotypes and should be included in future breeding programs for a better adaptation of barley to heat waves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11738-025-03810-8","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Mediterranean cereal crop production is expected to be severely affected by heat waves. Our knowledge on the physiological and molecular responses of barley (Hordeum vulgare L) to elevated temperature is particularly scarce. Here, we performed a multivariate analysis to evaluate the response to heat stress of the most common barley landraces (Arturio, Kounouz, Farandole, Arkansas, Manel, Mercure, Sextine, Imen, Rihane) grown in Tunisia. After an exposure of these genotypes during the vegetative growth stage to high temperature (32 °C) for 5 days, measurements of growth parameters along with physiological, biochemical and molecular analyses were performed. Our results showed a large variation among these genotypes in root length, plant height, number of leaves, relative water content (RWC), electrolyte leakage (EL), the contents of chlorophyll, proline, soluble sugars and antioxidants enzymes activities like CAT and SOD. Principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmap analysis showed that Kounouz and other landraces including Imen, Rihane, Manel, and Mercure are predominantly associated with heat stress tolerance parameters like CAT, SOD, RWC, and soluble sugars activities. However, Farandole, Arturio, and Arkansas are rather associated with the oxidative stress marker H2O2 and MDA. Kounouz and Farandole appear as contrasting varieties with heat stress tolerant and sensitive traits respectively, as it was confirmed by evaluating the oxidative stress status. Remarkably, expression analysis of stress-responsive genes in the two contrasting genotypes under heat stress, showed higher induction of most of these genes in Kounouz compared to Farandole. Altogether, this study strongly suggests that Kounouz is among the most heat-tolerant genotypes and should be included in future breeding programs for a better adaptation of barley to heat waves.
期刊介绍:
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum is an international journal established in 1978 that publishes peer-reviewed articles on all aspects of plant physiology. The coverage ranges across this research field at various levels of biological organization, from relevant aspects in molecular and cell biology to biochemistry.
The coverage is global in scope, offering articles of interest from experts around the world. The range of topics includes measuring effects of environmental pollution on crop species; analysis of genomic organization; effects of drought and climatic conditions on plants; studies of photosynthesis in ornamental plants, and more.