{"title":"Nitrous oxide induces polyploidy in grapevine","authors":"Ayşe Özer, Zeki Kara","doi":"10.1007/s11738-025-03809-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The global grape breeding field requires the development of grape varieties that can meet the ever-changing environmental and market demands. The development of polyploid forms in viticulture has recently received more attention as a means of coping with different environmental stresses and improving crop quality. In this study, the effectiveness of nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) treatments in inducing of autopolyploidization in the germinated seeds of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. cultivars (cvs.) Trakya İlkeren (TI), Ekşi Kara (EK) and Gök Üzüm (GU) was investigated. Germinated seeds were exposed to N<sub>2</sub>O at different pressures (2.5 bar, 5 bar, 7.5 bar, and 10 bar) and durations (24-h, 48-h and 72-h) and sown in trays to obtain seedlings. The effects of N<sub>2</sub>O treatments were firstly evaluated by considering the survival rate (%), stomata and chloroplast observations in seedlings. According to the data obtained, flow cytometry (FC) analysis was performed in plants with large stomata size and high number of chloroplasts. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that a GU seedling treated with 24-h 7.5 bar of N<sub>2</sub>O was triploid or near-triploid (aneuploid). The nuclear DNA (nDNA) content of this seedling was calculated as 1.57 pg/2C, and the 1C genome size was calculated as 768 Mbp. It was determined that N<sub>2</sub>O was effective in inducing polyploidy in grapevine depending on the genotype. Considering the limiting conditions of our study, the induction rate of polyploidy by N<sub>2</sub>O in <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. grape cultivars was found to be lower than 1/1000.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":6973,"journal":{"name":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11738-025-03809-1.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Acta Physiologiae Plantarum","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11738-025-03809-1","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The global grape breeding field requires the development of grape varieties that can meet the ever-changing environmental and market demands. The development of polyploid forms in viticulture has recently received more attention as a means of coping with different environmental stresses and improving crop quality. In this study, the effectiveness of nitrous oxide (N2O) treatments in inducing of autopolyploidization in the germinated seeds of Vitis vinifera L. cultivars (cvs.) Trakya İlkeren (TI), Ekşi Kara (EK) and Gök Üzüm (GU) was investigated. Germinated seeds were exposed to N2O at different pressures (2.5 bar, 5 bar, 7.5 bar, and 10 bar) and durations (24-h, 48-h and 72-h) and sown in trays to obtain seedlings. The effects of N2O treatments were firstly evaluated by considering the survival rate (%), stomata and chloroplast observations in seedlings. According to the data obtained, flow cytometry (FC) analysis was performed in plants with large stomata size and high number of chloroplasts. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that a GU seedling treated with 24-h 7.5 bar of N2O was triploid or near-triploid (aneuploid). The nuclear DNA (nDNA) content of this seedling was calculated as 1.57 pg/2C, and the 1C genome size was calculated as 768 Mbp. It was determined that N2O was effective in inducing polyploidy in grapevine depending on the genotype. Considering the limiting conditions of our study, the induction rate of polyploidy by N2O in Vitis vinifera L. grape cultivars was found to be lower than 1/1000.
全球葡萄育种领域要求开发出能够适应不断变化的环境和市场需求的葡萄品种。多倍体作为一种应对不同环境胁迫和提高作物品质的手段，近年来在葡萄栽培中受到越来越多的关注。在本研究中，氧化亚氮（N2O）处理对葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）萌发种子诱导自倍体化的有效性进行了研究。对Trakya İlkeren （TI）、ek Kara （EK）和Gök Üzüm （GU）进行了研究。将发芽的种子在不同压力（2.5 bar, 5 bar， 7.5 bar和10 bar）和持续时间（24小时，48小时和72小时）下暴露于N2O中，并在托盘中播种以获得幼苗。首先通过幼苗成活率、气孔和叶绿体观察来评价N2O处理的效果。根据获得的数据，流式细胞术（FC）分析了具有大气孔大小和高叶绿体数量的植物。分析结果表明，处理24 h 7.5 bar N2O的谷草幼苗为三倍体或近三倍体（非整倍体）。计算出该苗的核DNA （nDNA）含量为1.57 pg/2C， 1C基因组大小为768 Mbp。结果表明，N2O对葡萄多倍体的诱导效果与基因型有关。考虑到本研究的限制条件，N2O对葡萄品种多倍体的诱导率低于1/1000。
期刊介绍：
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum is an international journal established in 1978 that publishes peer-reviewed articles on all aspects of plant physiology. The coverage ranges across this research field at various levels of biological organization, from relevant aspects in molecular and cell biology to biochemistry.
The coverage is global in scope, offering articles of interest from experts around the world. The range of topics includes measuring effects of environmental pollution on crop species; analysis of genomic organization; effects of drought and climatic conditions on plants; studies of photosynthesis in ornamental plants, and more.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
