Multiomics analysis revealed the immune-enhancement effects of xylooligosaccharides on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression

IF 5.9 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Bioscience Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI:10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107580

Mengxue He , Jian Zhang , Fangzhou Liu , Yanwen Sun , Taile Li , Aichen Cai , Jiaxing Zhang , Wenli Jing , Jian Liu , Yuanfa Liu , Wei Yang

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Abstract

Cyclophosphamide (CTX), a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, frequently causes severe immunosuppression that limits its clinical application. Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are well-recognized prebiotics that selectively modulate gut microbiota and enhance short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production. However, their protective effects against CTX-induced immunosuppression remain unknown. This study demonstrates that XOS intervention effectively attenuates CTX-induced immunosuppression in mice, restoring body weight, reversing thymic and splenic atrophy, and normalizing hematological parameters including leukocyte counts, immunoglobulin levels, and complement protein concentrations. Microbiome analysis revealed XOS-mediated restoration of microbial diversity and selective enrichment of beneficial taxa like Limosilactobacillus and Gordonibacter. Metabolomic profiling demonstrated XOS-induced increases in key SCFAs (acetic, propionic, and valeric acids) and immunoregulatory metabolites (thymine and Gly-Leu). Integrative multi-omics analysis revealed associations among Lactobacillus/Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group abundance, SCFAs levels, and immune markers. These findings suggest a potential link between XOS-induced microbial changes, metabolic shifts, and immune modulation. Collectively, this study provides correlative evidence supporting the role of XOS as a microbiota-targeted candidate for ameliorating chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression, highlighting a potential strategy to improve the safety and efficacy of CTX treatment.

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多组学分析揭示了低聚木糖对环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制的免疫增强作用

环磷酰胺（Cyclophosphamide， CTX）是一种广泛使用的化疗药物，但常引起严重的免疫抑制，限制了其临床应用。低聚木糖（XOS）是公认的选择性调节肠道菌群和促进短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）产生的益生元。然而，它们对ctx诱导的免疫抑制的保护作用尚不清楚。本研究表明，XOS干预可有效减轻ctx诱导的小鼠免疫抑制，恢复体重，逆转胸腺和脾萎缩，并使白细胞计数、免疫球蛋白水平和补体蛋白浓度等血液学参数正常化。微生物组分析显示，xos介导的微生物多样性恢复和有益类群如Limosilactobacillus和Gordonibacter的选择性富集。代谢组学分析显示xos诱导关键SCFAs（乙酸、丙酸和戊酸）和免疫调节代谢物（胸腺嘧啶和甘氨酸亮氨酸）的增加。综合多组学分析显示乳酸菌/Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group丰度、SCFAs水平和免疫标记物之间存在关联。这些发现表明xos诱导的微生物变化、代谢变化和免疫调节之间存在潜在的联系。总之，本研究提供了相关证据，支持XOS作为改善化疗诱导的免疫抑制的微生物靶向候选物的作用，突出了提高CTX治疗安全性和有效性的潜在策略。

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来源期刊

Food Bioscience Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biochemistry

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

5.80%

发文量

671

审稿时长

27 days

期刊介绍： Food Bioscience is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to provide a forum for recent developments in the field of bio-related food research. The journal focuses on both fundamental and applied research worldwide, with special attention to ethnic and cultural aspects of food bioresearch.