The Effect of Experimentally Induced Cognitive Fatigue on Energy Intake Among Youth With and Without Recent Reported Dietary Restraint

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

International Journal of Eating Disorders Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI:10.1002/eat.24508

Megan N. Parker, Marian Tanofsky-Kraff, Bess F. Bloomer, Jennifer Te-Vazquez, Praise E. Adekola, Ejike E. Nwosu, Julia Lazareva, Jeremiah L. Jones, Alexa Moore, Natasha A. Schvey, Sheila M. Brady, Shanna B. Yang, Sara A. Turner, Jack A. Yanovski, Nichole R. Kelly

{"title":"The Effect of Experimentally Induced Cognitive Fatigue on Energy Intake Among Youth With and Without Recent Reported Dietary Restraint","authors":"Megan N. Parker, Marian Tanofsky-Kraff, Bess F. Bloomer, Jennifer Te-Vazquez, Praise E. Adekola, Ejike E. Nwosu, Julia Lazareva, Jeremiah L. Jones, Alexa Moore, Natasha A. Schvey, Sheila M. Brady, Shanna B. Yang, Sara A. Turner, Jack A. Yanovski, Nichole R. Kelly","doi":"10.1002/eat.24508","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objective</h3>\n \n <p>Resource-based models of self-regulation posit that cognitive fatigue, or the depletion of cognitive resources, may be an impetus for self-regulatory difficulties, including overeating. Studies of adults indicate that cognitive fatigue may increase energy intake only among adults who report engaging in dietary restraint (DR). The current study examined if DR similarly moderates the effects of cognitive fatigue on energy intake in youth.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Method</h3>\n \n <p>Using a randomized crossover design, participants completed a two-hour cognitive fatigue and a non-fatigue control (i.e., watched movies) condition, on separate days within a 31-day period. Energy intake (kcal) was evaluated using a ~10,000 kcal buffet-style meal presented after each condition with the instructions to “Please eat until you are no longer hungry.” DR was assessed via the Eating Disorder Examination.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Participants included 98 youth (13.0 ± 2.56 years; BMI%ile 60.06 ± 29.01; 46.9% Female; 46.9% non-Hispanic White, 20.4% non-Hispanic Black, 12.2% non-Hispanic Asian; 20.4% endorsed engaging in any DR within the prior 28 days). After adjusting for height, fat mass (%), lean mass (kg), sex, race/ethnicity, visit order, and days between visits, the interaction of DR and experimental condition was associated with energy intake, <i>F</i>(1, 88) = 8.60, <i>p</i> = 0.004, <i>η</i><sup>2</sup><sub>p</sub> = 0.089. Youth with DR had greater intake following the fatigue (vs. control) condition, but intake did not differ by condition among youth without DR.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Discussion</h3>\n \n <p>DR may weaken youth's efforts to regulate energy intake when cognitively fatigued. Studies utilizing more comprehensive measures of DR are needed to elucidate whether this association differs across DR phenotypes and in naturalistic environments.</p>\n \n <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> This study was pre-registered (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02390765)</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":51067,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","volume":"58 10","pages":"2003-2008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Eating Disorders","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/eat.24508","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

Resource-based models of self-regulation posit that cognitive fatigue, or the depletion of cognitive resources, may be an impetus for self-regulatory difficulties, including overeating. Studies of adults indicate that cognitive fatigue may increase energy intake only among adults who report engaging in dietary restraint (DR). The current study examined if DR similarly moderates the effects of cognitive fatigue on energy intake in youth.

Method

Using a randomized crossover design, participants completed a two-hour cognitive fatigue and a non-fatigue control (i.e., watched movies) condition, on separate days within a 31-day period. Energy intake (kcal) was evaluated using a ~10,000 kcal buffet-style meal presented after each condition with the instructions to “Please eat until you are no longer hungry.” DR was assessed via the Eating Disorder Examination.

Results

Participants included 98 youth (13.0 ± 2.56 years; BMI%ile 60.06 ± 29.01; 46.9% Female; 46.9% non-Hispanic White, 20.4% non-Hispanic Black, 12.2% non-Hispanic Asian; 20.4% endorsed engaging in any DR within the prior 28 days). After adjusting for height, fat mass (%), lean mass (kg), sex, race/ethnicity, visit order, and days between visits, the interaction of DR and experimental condition was associated with energy intake, F(1, 88) = 8.60, p = 0.004, η²_p = 0.089. Youth with DR had greater intake following the fatigue (vs. control) condition, but intake did not differ by condition among youth without DR.

Discussion

DR may weaken youth's efforts to regulate energy intake when cognitively fatigued. Studies utilizing more comprehensive measures of DR are needed to elucidate whether this association differs across DR phenotypes and in naturalistic environments.

Trial Registration: This study was pre-registered (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02390765)

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

实验诱导的认知疲劳对有和没有最近报道的饮食限制的青少年能量摄入的影响。

目的：基于资源的自我调节模型假设认知疲劳，或认知资源的枯竭，可能是自我调节困难的动力，包括暴饮暴食。对成年人的研究表明，认知疲劳可能会增加能量摄入，只有那些报告参与饮食限制（DR）的成年人。目前的研究考察了DR是否同样能调节青少年认知疲劳对能量摄入的影响。方法：采用随机交叉设计，参与者在31天内的不同日子完成两个小时的认知疲劳和非疲劳控制（即看电影）条件。能量摄入（千卡）是通过在每一种情况下提供一顿约10,000千卡的自助餐来评估的，并附有“请吃到不再饿为止”的说明。DR通过进食障碍检查进行评估。结果：参与者包括98名青年（13.0±2.56岁；BMI%ile 60.06±29.01；46.9%女性；46.9%非西班牙裔白人，20.4%非西班牙裔黑人，12.2%非西班牙裔亚裔；20.4%赞同在过去28天内参加任何DR）。在调整身高、脂肪质量（%）、瘦质量（kg）、性别、人种/民族、就诊顺序和就诊间隔天数后，DR和实验条件的交互作用与能量摄入相关，F(1,88) = 8.60, p = 0.004, η2 p = 0.089。患有DR的青年在疲劳状态下摄入更多的能量（与对照组相比），但在没有DR的青年中，摄入并没有不同的情况。讨论：DR可能会削弱青年在认知疲劳时调节能量摄入的努力。需要利用更全面的DR测量来阐明这种关联在DR表型和自然环境中是否不同。试验注册：本研究已预先注册（https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02390765）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

International Journal of Eating Disorders 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

10.00

自引率

12.70%

发文量

204

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Articles featured in the journal describe state-of-the-art scientific research on theory, methodology, etiology, clinical practice, and policy related to eating disorders, as well as contributions that facilitate scholarly critique and discussion of science and practice in the field. Theoretical and empirical work on obesity or healthy eating falls within the journal’s scope inasmuch as it facilitates the advancement of efforts to describe and understand, prevent, or treat eating disorders. IJED welcomes submissions from all regions of the world and representing all levels of inquiry (including basic science, clinical trials, implementation research, and dissemination studies), and across a full range of scientific methods, disciplines, and approaches.