Trigeminal influences and Locus Coeruleus: Tips for countermeasures, therapies and precocious diagnosis in dementia

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Research Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2025.111528

Vincenzo De Cicco , Maria Paola Tramonti Fantozzi , Sara Ligori , Enrico Cataldo , Davide De Cicco , Paolo Bongioanni , Cristina Dolciotti , Luca Bruschini , Ugo Faraguna , Diego Manzoni

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Masticatory dysfunction is a risk factor for Alzheimer ‘s disease (AD), likely due to the trigeminal influences on the Locus Coeruleus (LC), a structure implicated in neurodegenerative processes and whose activity level is reflected by pupil size. Chewing activity acutely stimulates cognitive performance by increasing LC activation during task, as reflected by an increased pupil dilatation (mydriasis). The presence of a trigeminal sensorimotor imbalance is associated to an asymmetry in LC activity (reflected by an asymmetry in pupil size) and is detrimental for performance. These observations prompt for developing testing procedure, in normal elders and in patients affected by AD, aimed to: 1) study the presence of trigeminal asymmetries and to assess the possible contribution of occlusal correction in improving the subject's condition and in preventing/delaying the AD development; 2) verify the stimulating effect of chewing on cognitive performance and task-related mydriasis as an estimate of the LC excitability for determining the subject condition and its susceptibility to undergo AD development. Procedures appropriate for achieving these goals are proposed.

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三叉神经的影响和蓝斑：痴呆的对策、治疗和早期诊断提示

咀嚼功能障碍是阿尔茨海默病（AD）的一个危险因素，可能是由于三叉神经对蓝斑（LC）的影响，蓝斑是一个与神经退行性过程有关的结构，其活动水平由瞳孔大小反映。咀嚼活动通过在任务中增加LC激活来剧烈刺激认知表现，这反映在瞳孔扩大（瞳孔扩大）上。三叉神经感觉运动失衡的存在与LC活动的不对称有关（反映在瞳孔大小的不对称上），并对表现有害。这些观察结果促使我们在正常老年人和AD患者中开发测试程序，旨在：1)研究三叉神经不对称的存在，并评估咬合矫正在改善受试者状况和预防/延缓AD发展方面的可能贡献；2)验证咀嚼对认知表现和任务相关瞳孔的刺激作用，作为LC兴奋性的估计，以确定受试者状况及其发生AD的易感性。提出了实现这些目标的适当程序。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Brain Research Bulletin 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

2.60%

发文量

253

审稿时长

67 days

期刊介绍： The Brain Research Bulletin (BRB) aims to publish novel work that advances our knowledge of molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie neural network properties associated with behavior, cognition and other brain functions during neurodevelopment and in the adult. Although clinical research is out of the Journal''s scope, the BRB also aims to publish translation research that provides insight into biological mechanisms and processes associated with neurodegeneration mechanisms, neurological diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. The Journal is especially interested in research using novel methodologies, such as optogenetics, multielectrode array recordings and life imaging in wild-type and genetically-modified animal models, with the goal to advance our understanding of how neurons, glia and networks function in vivo.