HIV infection is associated with accelerated epigenetic ageing: A systematic review

IF 12.4 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI:10.1016/j.arr.2025.102884

Mateusz Bożejko , Brygida Knysz , Anna Czernicka , Ignacy Tarski , Aleksandra Szymczak , Małgorzata Małodobra-Mazur

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Abstract

Purpose

We conducted a systematic review of studies comparing the intensity of epigenetic ageing in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and uninfected individuals. We included studies that quantitatively examined the intensity of age-related epigenetic changes in both groups.

Results

We identified 25 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The results of the vast majority (22 out of 25) of the studies included in the review indicate the presence of accelerated epigenetic ageing in people living with HIV compared to uninfected individuals. Most studies reported evidence of epigenetic age acceleration in people living with HIV, both among those not receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and those who were on ART treatment. However, the studies included in the review were conducted mostly on relatively small groups and using different methods. While several studies have carefully addressed confounding variables, others did not report adjustments for factors such as BMI, diabetes, HBV and HCV co-infections, or lifestyle influences, which may be especially relevant for interpreting second-generation epigenetic clocks such as GrimAge and PhenoAge.

Conclusions

We believe that the results of our review indicate accelerated epigenetic ageing in people living with HIV compared to uninfected individuals. There is a need for further research, which will analyse material from different tissues and take into account a number of biomarkers and the mentioned confounding factors. Studies considering the impact of individual classes of antiretroviral drugs, the age of the patient at the time of HIV diagnosis, and the timeliness of diagnosis on epigenetic ageing are particularly needed.

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HIV感染与加速表观遗传衰老有关：系统综述

目的：我们对比较人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者和未感染者表观遗传衰老强度的研究进行了系统回顾。我们纳入了定量检查两组中年龄相关表观遗传变化强度的研究。结果25项研究符合纳入标准。综述中包含的绝大多数研究（25项研究中有22项）的结果表明，与未感染艾滋病毒的个体相比，艾滋病毒感染者存在加速的表观遗传衰老。大多数研究报告了艾滋病毒感染者（包括未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗和接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的人）的表观遗传年龄加速的证据。然而，综述中包括的研究大多是在相对较小的群体中进行的，并且使用了不同的方法。虽然有几项研究仔细地处理了混淆变量，但其他研究没有报告BMI、糖尿病、HBV和HCV合并感染或生活方式影响等因素的调整，这些因素可能与解释第二代表观遗传时钟（如GrimAge和PhenoAge）特别相关。我们认为，我们的综述结果表明，与未感染HIV的个体相比，HIV感染者的表观遗传衰老加速。需要进一步的研究，这将分析来自不同组织的材料，并考虑到许多生物标志物和上述混杂因素。特别需要考虑到抗逆转录病毒药物的个别类别、患者在HIV诊断时的年龄以及诊断对表观遗传老化的及时性的影响的研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ageing Research Reviews 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

19.80

自引率

2.30%

发文量

216

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： With the rise in average human life expectancy, the impact of ageing and age-related diseases on our society has become increasingly significant. Ageing research is now a focal point for numerous laboratories, encompassing leaders in genetics, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, and behavior. Ageing Research Reviews (ARR) serves as a cornerstone in this field, addressing emerging trends. ARR aims to fill a substantial gap by providing critical reviews and viewpoints on evolving discoveries concerning the mechanisms of ageing and age-related diseases. The rapid progress in understanding the mechanisms controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival is unveiling new insights into the regulation of ageing. From telomerase to stem cells, and from energy to oxyradical metabolism, we are witnessing an exciting era in the multidisciplinary field of ageing research. The journal explores the cellular and molecular foundations of interventions that extend lifespan, such as caloric restriction. It identifies the underpinnings of manipulations that extend lifespan, shedding light on novel approaches for preventing age-related diseases. ARR publishes articles on focused topics selected from the expansive field of ageing research, with a particular emphasis on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the aging process. This includes age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. The journal also covers applications of basic ageing research to lifespan extension and disease prevention, offering a comprehensive platform for advancing our understanding of this critical field.