Prequestioning with feedback fosters learning in young children

IF 4.9 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
Liwen Yu, Janelle T. Heng, Laura S. Arden-Gardner, Xiao Pan Ding, Steven C. Pan
{"title":"Prequestioning with feedback fosters learning in young children","authors":"Liwen Yu,&nbsp;Janelle T. Heng,&nbsp;Laura S. Arden-Gardner,&nbsp;Xiao Pan Ding,&nbsp;Steven C. Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.learninstruc.2025.102187","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Prequestioning</em>—attempting to answer questions about unfamiliar information before exposure to the correct answers—has shown promise for enhancing learning. Yet its effectiveness for young children, who have limited cognitive capacities and face unique learning challenges, remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study investigated whether prequestioning improves learning from science texts in young children and whether the presence of immediate feedback influences its effectiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Sample</h3><div>Participants were 5- to 6-year-old children (total <em>n =</em> 87; <em>n =</em> 44 in Experiment 1, <em>n =</em> 43 in Experiment 2).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Children engaged in each of three activities: prequestioning with immediate feedback, prequestioning without feedback, or a non-prequestioning activity (free-drawing in Experiment 1; studying learning objectives in Experiment 2). After each assigned activity, they listened to an age-appropriate scientific story and completed a learning assessment. Their working memory capacity was also assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In Experiment 1, prequestioning with feedback improved learning relative to free-drawing, and this effect did not differ based on whether the information being assessed had been directly prequestioned or not. In Experiment 2, it enhanced learning of directly prequestioned information compared to studying learning objectives. Prequestioning without feedback, however, did not yield statistically significant learning improvements in either experiment. The effects of prequestioning did not differ according to working memory capacity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Prequestioning enhances young children's learning, particularly for directly questioned information, but only when immediate feedback is provided. These findings suggest that although prequestioning might motivate young children to actively seek out and process new information, such information must be presented within a proximate temporal window to the questions themselves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48357,"journal":{"name":"Learning and Instruction","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102187"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Learning and Instruction","FirstCategoryId":"95","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959475225001112","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Prequestioning—attempting to answer questions about unfamiliar information before exposure to the correct answers—has shown promise for enhancing learning. Yet its effectiveness for young children, who have limited cognitive capacities and face unique learning challenges, remains unclear.

Aims

This study investigated whether prequestioning improves learning from science texts in young children and whether the presence of immediate feedback influences its effectiveness.

Sample

Participants were 5- to 6-year-old children (total n = 87; n = 44 in Experiment 1, n = 43 in Experiment 2).

Methods

Children engaged in each of three activities: prequestioning with immediate feedback, prequestioning without feedback, or a non-prequestioning activity (free-drawing in Experiment 1; studying learning objectives in Experiment 2). After each assigned activity, they listened to an age-appropriate scientific story and completed a learning assessment. Their working memory capacity was also assessed.

Results

In Experiment 1, prequestioning with feedback improved learning relative to free-drawing, and this effect did not differ based on whether the information being assessed had been directly prequestioned or not. In Experiment 2, it enhanced learning of directly prequestioned information compared to studying learning objectives. Prequestioning without feedback, however, did not yield statistically significant learning improvements in either experiment. The effects of prequestioning did not differ according to working memory capacity.

Conclusions

Prequestioning enhances young children's learning, particularly for directly questioned information, but only when immediate feedback is provided. These findings suggest that although prequestioning might motivate young children to actively seek out and process new information, such information must be presented within a proximate temporal window to the questions themselves.
带有反馈的预先提问促进了幼儿的学习
背景:在看到正确答案之前,先试着回答关于不熟悉信息的问题,这对提高学习效果大有裨益。然而,它对认知能力有限、面临独特学习挑战的幼儿的有效性尚不清楚。目的本研究探讨了预先提问是否能提高幼儿对科学文本的学习,以及即时反馈的存在是否会影响其有效性。样本参与者为5- 6岁的儿童(总n = 87;实验1中n = 44,实验2中n = 43)。方法儿童分别参与三种活动:有即时反馈的预问、无反馈的预问和无预问活动(实验1的自由绘画;实验2的学习目标研究)。在每个指定的活动之后,他们听了一个适合他们年龄的科学故事,并完成了学习评估。他们的工作记忆能力也被评估。结果在实验1中,有反馈的预问相对于自由画图提高了学习效果,并且这种效果不受被评估信息是否被直接预问的影响。在实验2中,与学习学习目标相比,直接预问信息的学习效果更好。然而,在两个实验中,没有反馈的预提问并没有产生统计学上显著的学习改善。预问的效果不因工作记忆容量而异。结论重复提问能促进幼儿的学习,特别是对直接提问的信息,但只有在提供即时反馈的情况下。这些发现表明,虽然预先询问可能会激励幼儿积极寻找和处理新信息,但这些信息必须在问题本身的近似时间窗口内呈现。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
11.30
自引率
4.80%
发文量
109
期刊介绍: As an international, multi-disciplinary, peer-refereed journal, Learning and Instruction provides a platform for the publication of the most advanced scientific research in the areas of learning, development, instruction and teaching. The journal welcomes original empirical investigations. The papers may represent a variety of theoretical perspectives and different methodological approaches. They may refer to any age level, from infants to adults and to a diversity of learning and instructional settings, from laboratory experiments to field studies. The major criteria in the review and the selection process concern the significance of the contribution to the area of learning and instruction, and the rigor of the study.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信