Re-evaluation of oxygen (E 948) and hydrogen (E 949) as food additives

IF 3.3 3区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

EFSA Journal Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI:10.2903/j.efsa.2025.9595

EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF), Laurence Castle, Monica Andreassen, Gabriele Aquilina, Maria Lourdes Bastos, Polly Boon, Biagio Fallico, Reginald FitzGerald, Maria Jose Frutos Fernandez, Bettina Grasl-Kraupp, Ursula Gundert-Remy, Rainer Gürtler, Eric Houdeau, Marcin Kurek, Henriqueta Louro, Patricia Morales, Sabina Passamonti, Josef Daniel Rasinger, Camilla Smeraldi, Samuele Di Ciano, Borana Dino, Elena Mazzoli, Ana Maria Rincon

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Abstract

The Panel on Food Additives and Flavourings (FAF) provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of oxygen (E 948) and hydrogen (E 949) as food additives. Their currently permitted use in food in the European Union (EU) is in all food categories, including in foods for infants and young children at quantum satis (QS). They can also be used in food additive preparations, food enzymes and nutrients also at QS. No interested business operators (IBOs) provided information in response to the call for data published by EFSA to support their re-evaluation. The original evaluation by the EU in 1990 indicated their use as packaging gases, and in the case of oxygen (E 948), also as propellant. The Panel considered the two gases to be of low toxicological concern when used as food additives and their dietary exposure very low. The Panel concluded that the use of oxygen (E 948) and hydrogen (E 949) as food additives does not raise a safety concern. The Panel made some recommendations for amending existing EU specifications for both oxygen (E 948) and hydrogen (E 949).

Abstract Image

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氧（e948）和氢（e949）作为食品添加剂的再评价。

食品添加剂和调味剂小组（FAF）提供了一份科学意见，重新评估了氧（e948）和氢（e949）作为食品添加剂的安全性。目前，欧盟（EU）允许在所有食品类别中使用它们，包括在量子满足（QS）的婴幼儿食品中使用它们。它们也可用于食品添加剂制剂，食品酶和营养素，也在QS。没有有兴趣的经营者（ibo）提供信息回应EFSA公布的数据，以支持他们的重新评估。欧盟在1990年最初的评估表明它们用作包装气体，并且在氧气（e948）的情况下，也用作推进剂。评估小组认为，这两种气体用作食品添加剂时的毒理学关注程度很低，而且它们在饮食中的暴露量很低。专家组得出结论，使用氧（e948）和氢（e949）作为食品添加剂不会引起安全问题。专家组就修改现有的欧盟氧（e948）和氢（e949）规范提出了一些建议。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

EFSA Journal Veterinary-Veterinary (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

5.20

自引率

21.20%

发文量

422

审稿时长

5 weeks

期刊介绍： The EFSA Journal covers methods of risk assessment, reports on data collected, and risk assessments in the individual areas of plant health, plant protection products and their residues, genetically modified organisms, additives and products or substances used in animal feed, animal health and welfare, biological hazards including BSE/TSE, contaminants in the food chain, food contact materials, enzymes, flavourings and processing aids, food additives and nutrient sources added to food, dietetic products, nutrition and allergies.