The Impact of Near-Peer Teaching Methods in Undergraduate and Postgraduate Surgical Education Using the Kirkpatrick Evaluation Model: A Systematic Review

IF 2.1 3区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES

Journal of Surgical Education Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI:10.1016/j.jsurg.2025.103618

Fitzgerald Chukwuemeka Anazor MBBS, MRCS, MWACS, PgCert (LTHE), MMEdEd, MAcadMEd , Marco Grech MD, MRCGP, FRCP, MSc, MMEd

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to use the Kirkpatrick evaluation model (levels 1-4) to analyze the impacts of NPT programmes on learners and tutors within surgical education.

METHODS

This study was registered prospectively on the international platform of registered systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocols (INPLASY)- INPLASY202450037. The study was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. A search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL was performed from inception till March 30, 2024. Quality appraisal of the included studies was performed using the mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT).

RESULTS

22 studies were included in the final analysis. The results showed that NPT was better or at least comparable to senior faculty-led teaching for improved satisfaction ratings for most clinical and nonclinical parameters; improved learners’ knowledge and basic surgical skills; and improved clinical practice for leading ward rounds (Kirkpatrick model, levels 1-3). NPT did not improve learners’ interest in pursuing a surgical career. No evidence was reported for the impact of NPT on healthcare/educational organizations (Kirkpatrick model, level 4). For tutors, there was evidence that showed that NPT had positive impacts on their basic surgical, mentoring and teaching skills. Quality appraisal showed that the included studies had high to moderate quality.

CONCLUSION

This study has shown that there is high to moderate quality evidence for the impact of NPT in undergraduate and postgraduate surgical education for levels 1 and 2 of the Kirkpatrick models, with some evidence for its impact on learners at level 3 of the Kirkpatrick model within postgraduate surgical education. Future research should be focused on the impact of NPT on real-life behavioral changes and on organizations (levels 3 and 4 of the Kirkpatrick models, respectively) within a surgical educational context.

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基于Kirkpatrick评价模型的近同伴教学方法对外科本科和研究生教育的影响：系统综述

目的本研究的目的是使用Kirkpatrick评估模型（1-4级）来分析NPT计划对外科教育中学习者和导师的影响。方法本研究在国际系统评价和荟萃分析协议注册平台(INPLASY)- INPLASY202450037进行前瞻性注册。该研究是按照PRISMA指南进行的。检索PubMed， Medline, Embase， PsycINFO和CINAHL，从成立到2024年3月30日。采用混合方法评价工具（MMAT）对纳入的研究进行质量评价。结果22项研究纳入最终分析。结果表明，在提高大多数临床和非临床参数的满意度评分方面，NPT优于或至少与高级教师主导的教学相媲美；提高学习者的知识和基本的外科技能；改进了领导查房的临床实践（柯克帕特里克模型，1-3级）。NPT并没有提高学习者追求外科职业的兴趣。没有证据表明NPT对医疗保健/教育组织的影响（Kirkpatrick模型，第4级）。对于导师来说，有证据表明NPT对他们的基本手术、指导和教学技能有积极影响。质量评价表明纳入的研究质量为高到中等。结论本研究表明，在Kirkpatrick模型的第1级和第2级中，NPT对本科和研究生外科教育的影响有高到中等质量的证据，在研究生外科教育中，NPT对Kirkpatrick模型的第3级学习者的影响也有一些证据。未来的研究应该集中在手术教育背景下NPT对现实生活中的行为改变和组织（分别为Kirkpatrick模型的第3级和第4级）的影响。

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来源期刊

Journal of Surgical Education EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES-SURGERY

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

10.30%

发文量

261

审稿时长

48 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Surgical Education (JSE) is dedicated to advancing the field of surgical education through original research. The journal publishes research articles in all surgical disciplines on topics relative to the education of surgical students, residents, and fellows, as well as practicing surgeons. Our readers look to JSE for timely, innovative research findings from the international surgical education community. As the official journal of the Association of Program Directors in Surgery (APDS), JSE publishes the proceedings of the annual APDS meeting held during Surgery Education Week.