Occupational Therapy for Children with DCD and Academic Difficulties: A Pan-Canadian Survey.

Abstract

Introduction. Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) often experience academic challenges. Although children with DCD are frequently referred to Occupational Therapy (OT) to help alleviate some of their motor and functional challenges, the actual practices of OTs regarding academic activities remain underexplored in this group. Objectives. This study aimed to describe the nature and extent of Canadian OT practices regarding academic activities in children with DCD. Methods. A survey was sent to pediatric OTs through national and provincial OT associations and licensing organizations, to gather information on assessment and intervention practices related to core academic activities in children with DCD. Findings. A total of 229 OTs completed the survey (170 females, 74%). Occupational Therapies reported assessing or providing intervention for academic activities, most frequently handwriting (96% assessed and 85% intervened), writing (74% and 65%), mathematics (72% and 68%), and reading (66% and 59%). With respect to intervention services, up to 78% of OTs provided direct intervention, compared to 51% for indirect or consultative services. Conclusion. Most Canadian pediatric OTs typically assess and provide intervention for handwriting and, to a lesser extent, other academic activities. These practices vary depending on work setting and experience.