Effect of cinnamaldehyde-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers in carboxymethyl cellulose-based coating on the shelf life of fresh pistachio

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114299

Sara Norouzzadeh , Hamid-Reza Akhavan , Sepideh Khorasani , Reza Hajimohammadi-Farimani , Ghodsieh Alizadeh-Bahaabadi

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Abstract

The effects of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as edible coating (EC) containing free cinnamaldehyde (CA), CA-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), and salicylic acid-loaded EC (ECSA) on the shelf life of fresh pistachios at 4 °C for 30 days were evaluated. Compared to control pistachios, coated samples exhibited up to 23 % reduced weight loss, a 50 % increase in total phenolic content (TPC), over 50 % reduction in microbial counts, and up to 44 % lower polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity (p < 0.05). The TPC increased by approximately 20.9 % in the ECSA-CA treatment during storage. ECSA-CA treatment enhanced peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activities by 90 % and 33 %, respectively, versus the control on day 30. The EC-NLC/CA treatment demonstrated the highest catalase (CAT) activity, ∼48.8 % greater than the control samples. SA enhances the defense system of treated fresh pistachios by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities, such as POD (51.6 %) and PAL (32.1 %), and elevating TPC (40.4 %) compared to the control, while simultaneously reducing microbial load and lipid oxidation in the hull. ECSA-CA-treated pistachios exhibited the lowest microbial growth during storage, with only a 0.6 log CFU/g increase in total aerobic mesophilic bacteria count (TBC) and a 0.52 log CFU/g increase in total fungal count (TFC), significantly lower than the control (p < 0.05). Overall, incorporating CA and SA into CMC coatings effectively extended the shelf life of fresh pistachios by minimizing spoilage, oxidation, and microbial contamination, making them a promising natural preservation strategy.

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羧甲基纤维素涂层中载肉桂醛纳米结构脂质载体对新鲜开心果保质期的影响

研究了羧甲基纤维素（CMC）作为含游离肉桂醛（CA）、载肉桂醛纳米结构脂质载体（NLC）和载水杨酸纳米结构脂质载体（ECSA）的可食性涂层（EC）对新鲜开心果在4℃条件下保存30 d的影响。与对照开心果相比，包被样品的失重减少了23%，总酚含量（TPC）增加了50%，微生物数量减少了50%以上，多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性降低了44% (p <；0.05)。贮藏期间，ECSA-CA处理的TPC增加了约20.9%。在第30天，ECSA-CA处理使过氧化物酶（POD）和苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性分别提高了90%和33%。EC-NLC/CA处理的过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性最高，比对照样品高48.8%。与对照相比，SA通过提高POD（51.6%）和PAL（32.1%）等抗氧化酶活性，提高TPC(40.4%)，同时减少微生物负荷和壳内脂质氧化，增强了鲜开心果的防御系统。ecsa - ca处理的开心果在贮藏过程中微生物生长最低，好氧中温细菌总数（TBC）仅增加0.6 log CFU/g，真菌总数（TFC）仅增加0.52 log CFU/g，显著低于对照组(p <；0.05)。总的来说，将CA和SA加入CMC涂层中可以有效地延长新鲜开心果的保质期，减少腐败，氧化和微生物污染，使其成为一种有前途的自然保存策略。

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来源期刊

Scientia Horticulturae 农林科学-园艺

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

4.70%

发文量

796

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Scientia Horticulturae is an international journal publishing research related to horticultural crops. Articles in the journal deal with open or protected production of vegetables, fruits, edible fungi and ornamentals under temperate, subtropical and tropical conditions. Papers in related areas (biochemistry, micropropagation, soil science, plant breeding, plant physiology, phytopathology, etc.) are considered, if they contain information of direct significance to horticulture. Papers on the technical aspects of horticulture (engineering, crop processing, storage, transport etc.) are accepted for publication only if they relate directly to the living product. In the case of plantation crops, those yielding a product that may be used fresh (e.g. tropical vegetables, citrus, bananas, and other fruits) will be considered, while those papers describing the processing of the product (e.g. rubber, tobacco, and quinine) will not. The scope of the journal includes all horticultural crops but does not include speciality crops such as, medicinal crops or forestry crops, such as bamboo. Basic molecular studies without any direct application in horticulture will not be considered for this journal.