{"title":"Effects of one-week intake of different edible oils on the urinary proteome of rats.","authors":"Yan Su, Youhe Gao","doi":"10.3389/fnut.2025.1571846","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of different edible oils on the rat body, we analyzed alterations in the urinary proteome and post-translational modifications (PTMs) following a one-week intake of olive oil, butter, lard, hydrogenated vegetable oil, and rapeseed oil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty male Wistar rats (7 weeks old, ~200 g) were randomly allocated into six groups (<i>n</i> = 5 per group). Group A served as the control group, while groups B-F were administered different edible oils. The daily intakes were calculated, respectively, according to the \"2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans\" and the \"Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents.\" Urine samples collected after 1 week were analyzed using label-free quantitative proteomics via LC-MS/MS. Differentially expressed proteins and differential post-translational modifications in the urinary proteome were screened for functional analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All edible oil groups exhibited significant alterations in metabolic pathways, with distinct proteomic profiles observed across oil types, but there were few common differentially expressed proteins among different groups. In addition, the olive oil group and the butter group were enriched with many biological pathways related to the nervous system, and the rapeseed oil group produced more differentially expressed proteins and biological pathways related to immunity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The urinary proteome of rats showed significant changes after one-week intake of edible oils, and the effects of various edible oils on the rat urinary proteome were different from each other. This effect is comprehensive and multi-dimensional at the level of the rat body. The changes in post-translational modifications of the proteome were relatively small.</p>","PeriodicalId":12473,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Nutrition","volume":"12 ","pages":"1571846"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286817/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1571846","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of different edible oils on the rat body, we analyzed alterations in the urinary proteome and post-translational modifications (PTMs) following a one-week intake of olive oil, butter, lard, hydrogenated vegetable oil, and rapeseed oil.
Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats (7 weeks old, ~200 g) were randomly allocated into six groups (n = 5 per group). Group A served as the control group, while groups B-F were administered different edible oils. The daily intakes were calculated, respectively, according to the "2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans" and the "Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents." Urine samples collected after 1 week were analyzed using label-free quantitative proteomics via LC-MS/MS. Differentially expressed proteins and differential post-translational modifications in the urinary proteome were screened for functional analysis.
Results: All edible oil groups exhibited significant alterations in metabolic pathways, with distinct proteomic profiles observed across oil types, but there were few common differentially expressed proteins among different groups. In addition, the olive oil group and the butter group were enriched with many biological pathways related to the nervous system, and the rapeseed oil group produced more differentially expressed proteins and biological pathways related to immunity.
Conclusion: The urinary proteome of rats showed significant changes after one-week intake of edible oils, and the effects of various edible oils on the rat urinary proteome were different from each other. This effect is comprehensive and multi-dimensional at the level of the rat body. The changes in post-translational modifications of the proteome were relatively small.
期刊介绍：
No subject pertains more to human life than nutrition. The aim of Frontiers in Nutrition is to integrate major scientific disciplines in this vast field in order to address the most relevant and pertinent questions and developments. Our ambition is to create an integrated podium based on original research, clinical trials, and contemporary reviews to build a reputable knowledge forum in the domains of human health, dietary behaviors, agronomy & 21st century food science. Through the recognized open-access Frontiers platform we welcome manuscripts to our dedicated sections relating to different areas in the field of nutrition with a focus on human health.
Specialty sections in Frontiers in Nutrition include, for example, Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition & Sustainable Diets, Nutrition and Food Science Technology, Nutrition Methodology, Sport & Exercise Nutrition, Food Chemistry, and Nutritional Immunology. Based on the publication of rigorous scientific research, we thrive to achieve a visible impact on the global nutrition agenda addressing the grand challenges of our time, including obesity, malnutrition, hunger, food waste, sustainability and consumer health.
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