La necesidad de apoyo psicoemocional a los hombres durante la paternidad. Estudio cualitativo

Abstract

Objective

To explore the experiences of first-time fathers based on their participation in fatherhood preparation groups in a rural setting.

Design

Qualitative study with a phenomenological approach and hermeneutic perspective. Semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and a field diary were used. The thematic analysis was carried out following Taylor and Bogdan's methodology, using ATLAS.ti software.

Location

Sexual and Reproductive Health Care Units (ASSIR) located in the primary health care centres of the Osona region, Catalonia.

Participants and/or contexts

Twelve first-time fathers, selected through theoretical-intentional sampling based on predefined profiles, whose children were born between 2023 and 2024. Two groups were established: participants and non-participants in parenthood preparation activities.

Method

One individual interview, two focus groups and written observations in the field diary. The content analysis was conducted with a thematic approach.

Results

Fathers tend to underestimate the impact of fatherhood and face multiple challenges, with co-responsibility standing out. Participation in fatherhood groups promotes greater reflection on gender roles and strengthens the bond with the baby. Tensions in the couple's relationship and a lack of emotional support for men were identified.

Conclusions

The transition to fatherhood involves a significant emotional burden and transforms family dynamics. Participation in fatherhood groups promotes a critical view of masculinities and supports the development of co-responsibility. There is a clear need for greater psycho-emotional support for fathers during the postpartum period.