Perspective: Framework for Developing Prediction Equations for Estimating the Absorption and Bioavailability of Nutrients from Foods

Abstract

Current nutrient intake recommendations, nutritional assessments, and food labeling rely on estimated total nutrient content in foods and dietary supplements. However, the adequacy of nutrient intake depends not only on the total amount consumed but also on the fraction absorbed and utilized by the body. Accurate assessments of nutrient bioavailability require predictive equations or algorithms. This paper outlines a 4-step framework designed to guide researchers in developing such equations. The framework includes: 1) identifying key factors that influence nutrient or bioactive compound bioavailability; 2) conducting a comprehensive literature review of high-quality human studies to inform the development of predictive equations; 3) constructing predictive equations based on these insights; and 4) validate the equation, when feasible, to potentiate translation. This structured approach aims to enhance the accuracy and precision of nutrient bioavailability estimates, address data limitations, and highlight evidence gaps to inform future research and policy on nutrients and bioactive compounds.