Bulb division and morphological variations in onions (Allium cepa L.) in response to exogenous gibberellin treatments

IF 3.9 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae Pub Date : 2025-07-19 DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114286

Yurika Miyazaki , Shiho Hirama , Riku Kiuchi , Hiroki Ikeda

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Bulb division is a key factor impacting the external quality and marketability of onion (Allium cepa L.) crops. However, their underlying physiological mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the factors that contribute to bulb division using two experiments. In the first experiment, 11 onion cultivars commonly grown in Japan were cultivated under autumn-sowing (over-winter) conditions to compare the differences in bulb division rates between the cultivars. The results revealed that inner bulb division was significantly lower in short-day cultivars than in intermediate- and long-day cultivars. In the second experiment, exogenous gibberellic acid-3 (GA₃) was applied to onion seedlings to assess its effect on bulb division. GA₃ treatment markedly increased the incidence of internal bulb division in ‘Sonic’, a cultivar with a naturally low division rate, whereas it also promoted external bulb division in ‘Momiji No 3’, a cultivar with a naturally high internal division rate. Furthermore, GA₃-treated bulbs exhibited a spindle-shaped morphology, suggesting that gibberellin (GA) affects both bulb division and shape through its regulatory role in cell elongation. These findings indicate that GA plays a crucial role in bulb division and shape development in onions. Future research must explore the differences in GA sensitivity among cultivars, endogenous GA biosynthesis during growth, and the developmental dynamics of lateral bud formation to further elucidate the genetic and physiological mechanisms underlying bulb division.

查看原文本刊更多论文

外源赤霉素对洋葱（Allium cepa L.）鳞茎分裂和形态变化的响应

鳞茎分化是影响洋葱（Allium cepa L.）作物外在品质和适销性的关键因素。然而，其潜在的生理机制在很大程度上仍然未知。在本研究中，我们旨在通过两个实验来阐明促成球茎分裂的因素。在第一个试验中，在秋播（过冬）条件下栽培了11个日本常见的洋葱品种，比较了品种间鳞茎分裂率的差异。结果表明，短日照品种鳞茎内分裂显著低于中、长日照品种。在第二个试验中，将外源赤霉素酸-3 （GA₃）施用于洋葱幼苗，以评估其对鳞茎分裂的影响。GA₃处理显著提高了自然分裂率低的品种‘Sonic’的球茎内分裂率，同时也促进了自然分裂率高的品种‘Momiji 3号’的球茎外分裂率。此外，GA₃处理过的球茎表现出纺锤形的形态，这表明赤霉素（GA）通过其在细胞伸长中的调节作用影响球茎的分裂和形状。这些发现表明，GA在洋葱鳞茎分裂和形状发育中起着至关重要的作用。未来的研究必须进一步探索不同品种间GA敏感性的差异、生长过程中内源GA的生物合成以及侧芽形成的发育动态，以进一步阐明球茎分裂的遗传和生理机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Scientia Horticulturae 农林科学-园艺

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

4.70%

发文量

796

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Scientia Horticulturae is an international journal publishing research related to horticultural crops. Articles in the journal deal with open or protected production of vegetables, fruits, edible fungi and ornamentals under temperate, subtropical and tropical conditions. Papers in related areas (biochemistry, micropropagation, soil science, plant breeding, plant physiology, phytopathology, etc.) are considered, if they contain information of direct significance to horticulture. Papers on the technical aspects of horticulture (engineering, crop processing, storage, transport etc.) are accepted for publication only if they relate directly to the living product. In the case of plantation crops, those yielding a product that may be used fresh (e.g. tropical vegetables, citrus, bananas, and other fruits) will be considered, while those papers describing the processing of the product (e.g. rubber, tobacco, and quinine) will not. The scope of the journal includes all horticultural crops but does not include speciality crops such as, medicinal crops or forestry crops, such as bamboo. Basic molecular studies without any direct application in horticulture will not be considered for this journal.