Prevalence of ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X genetic polymorphisms in Taekwondo athletes.

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q3 PHYSIOLOGY

Physiology international Pub Date : 2025-07-17 Print Date: 2025-10-07 DOI:10.1556/2060.2025.00658

Cassia Conceição Goulart, Alice Kunzgen Scheer, Clédia S F Silva, Amanda Barbosa Atrib, Augusto Schneider, Ines Schadock, Ronaldo C Araujo, Fabricio Boscolo Del Vecchio, Carlos Castilho Barros

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Among genetic variants associated with physical performance, ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D are among the most studied. However, their prevalence and functional significance in combat sports like Taekwondo remain underexplored.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms in Taekwondo athletes and controls, and to investigate their association with competitive level and belt ranking.

Methods: A total of 204 individuals (119 athletes and 85 controls) were genotyped via PCR using DNA from buccal cells. Genotype distributions were analyzed for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). Associations with performance level and belt ranking were tested. A "two loci profile" variable was created by combining genotypes into power-, endurance-, or mixed-oriented categories.

Results: ACE I/D genotypes in athletes deviated from HWE due to a higher prevalence of the DD genotype (32.2%, P = 0.017). In contrast, controls were in HWE for ACE but not for ACTN3. The DD genotype was more common among national-level competitors and black belts. The ACTN3 RR genotype also showed higher frequency among black belts but without statistical significance. When combining ACE DD and/or ACTN3 RR genotypes, black belts showed significantly greater prevalence than other ranks (37.5% vs. 14.3%, P = 0.038).

Conclusion: Genotypes related to strength and power appear more frequent among higher-performing Taekwondo athletes. These results contribute to the understanding of a synergetic action of two loci in combat sports and may support future applications in personalized training and talent identification.

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跆拳道运动员ACE I/D和ACTN3 R577X基因多态性的流行

背景：在与体能相关的遗传变异中，ACTN3 R577X和ACE I/D是研究最多的。然而，它们在跆拳道等格斗运动中的流行程度和功能意义仍未得到充分探索。目的：了解ACTN3 R577X和ACE I/D基因多态性在跆拳道运动员和对照组中的患病率，并探讨其与竞技水平和带级的关系。方法：对204例（运动员119例，对照组85例）进行口腔细胞DNA PCR分型。分析Hardy-Weinberg平衡（HWE）的基因型分布。测试了与成绩水平和腰带排名的关系。通过将基因型组合为力量型、耐力型或混合型，创建了“两个基因座剖面”变量。结果：运动员ACE I/D基因型偏离HWE的原因是DD基因型的患病率较高（32.2%,P = 0.017）。相比之下，对照组ACE为HWE， ACTN3为非HWE。DD基因型在国家级选手和黑带中更为常见。ACTN3 RR基因型在黑带中出现频率也较高，但无统计学意义。当合并ACE DD和/或ACTN3 RR基因型时，黑带的患病率明显高于其他等级（37.5% vs. 14.3%, P = 0.038）。结论：与力量和力量相关的基因型在高水平跆拳道运动员中更为常见。这些结果有助于理解搏击运动中两个基因座的协同作用，并可能支持未来在个性化训练和人才识别方面的应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Physiology international Medicine-Physiology (medical)

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The journal provides a forum for important new research papers written by eminent scientists on experimental medical sciences. Papers reporting on both original work and review articles in the fields of basic and clinical physiology, pathophysiology (from the subcellular organization level up to the oranizmic one), as well as related disciplines, including history of physiological sciences, are accepted.