{"title":"Design, Synthesis, and Anti-Hepatocellular Carcinoma Evaluation Revealed by Transcriptome Analysis of Epimeric Sesquiterpene Lactones: Trilobolide-6-<i>O</i>-isobutyrate Analogues.","authors":"Xiu-Qiao Zhou, Yi-Ming Qian, Xing Li, Chui-Ji Jiang, Hua-Jie Feng, Hui-Qian He, Hao-Zhe Zeng, Yang Hui, Wen-Hao Chen","doi":"10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c00279","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm that ranks sixth in global incidence and fourth in global mortality. In this study, based on the splicing principle and prodrug synthesis strategies, a total of 18 new sesquiterpene lactone derivatives, consisting of seven mustard derivatives and 11 amine adducts, were designed and synthesized using the sesquiterpene lactone epimers <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> as parent molecules. Their structures were characterized by means of NMR, HRESIMS, and X-ray crystallography data. Through the CCK8 assay, compound <b>11</b> exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity against HepG2 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 4.2 μM) and Huh7 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 4.9 μM) cells. Subsequent pharmacological experiments demonstrated that compound <b>18</b> could decrease the viability of two HCC cell lines in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Both compounds <b>11</b> and <b>18</b> were capable of inducing cell apoptosis, arresting the cell cycle progression, and inhibiting cell proliferation and migration in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Further transcriptome analysis indicated that <b>18</b> possessed potential antitumor effects. Both <b>11</b> and <b>18</b> had favorable predicted ADME and physicochemical properties. Collectively, the findings of this study suggest that derivatives <b>11</b> and <b>18</b> are promising candidates for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":47,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Natural Products ","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Natural Products ","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5c00279","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a malignant neoplasm that ranks sixth in global incidence and fourth in global mortality. In this study, based on the splicing principle and prodrug synthesis strategies, a total of 18 new sesquiterpene lactone derivatives, consisting of seven mustard derivatives and 11 amine adducts, were designed and synthesized using the sesquiterpene lactone epimers 1 and 2 as parent molecules. Their structures were characterized by means of NMR, HRESIMS, and X-ray crystallography data. Through the CCK8 assay, compound 11 exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity against HepG2 (IC50 = 4.2 μM) and Huh7 (IC50 = 4.9 μM) cells. Subsequent pharmacological experiments demonstrated that compound 18 could decrease the viability of two HCC cell lines in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Both compounds 11 and 18 were capable of inducing cell apoptosis, arresting the cell cycle progression, and inhibiting cell proliferation and migration in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Further transcriptome analysis indicated that 18 possessed potential antitumor effects. Both 11 and 18 had favorable predicted ADME and physicochemical properties. Collectively, the findings of this study suggest that derivatives 11 and 18 are promising candidates for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Natural Products invites and publishes papers that make substantial and scholarly contributions to the area of natural products research. Contributions may relate to the chemistry and/or biochemistry of naturally occurring compounds or the biology of living systems from which they are obtained.
Specifically, there may be articles that describe secondary metabolites of microorganisms, including antibiotics and mycotoxins; physiologically active compounds from terrestrial and marine plants and animals; biochemical studies, including biosynthesis and microbiological transformations; fermentation and plant tissue culture; the isolation, structure elucidation, and chemical synthesis of novel compounds from nature; and the pharmacology of compounds of natural origin.
When new compounds are reported, manuscripts describing their biological activity are much preferred.
Specifically, there may be articles that describe secondary metabolites of microorganisms, including antibiotics and mycotoxins; physiologically active compounds from terrestrial and marine plants and animals; biochemical studies, including biosynthesis and microbiological transformations; fermentation and plant tissue culture; the isolation, structure elucidation, and chemical synthesis of novel compounds from nature; and the pharmacology of compounds of natural origin.