Utilizing Cordyceps cicadae Mycelium as a Potential Supplement for Alleviating UVB-Induced Photokeratitis Symptoms In Vivo

Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure to the cornea can lead to photokeratitis, disrupting tear film homeostasis and increasing the risk of dry eye disease (DED). While Cordyceps cicadae mycelium extracts (CCME) have been reported to benefit ocular diseases, their potential to alleviate UVB-induced photokeratitis remains unexplored. This study investigated the CCME's protective effects against UVB-induced corneal damage. ICR mice were randomly assigned to three groups: a control group, a UVB-exposed group with vehicle treatment (UVB group), and a UVB-exposed group treated with CCME (CCME group). Tear volume (TV), tear break-up time (TBUT), ocular surface integrity, conjunctival goblet cell density, and inflammatory markers were evaluated. The results demonstrated that CCME intake significantly improved TV and TBUT, while reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory markers (p63 + , PCNA, NF-κB, and COX-2). Notably, CCME treatment helped to preserve goblet cells and maintain Muc5Ac expression therein, with concomitant suppression on lipid peroxidation (as indicated by MDA and 4-HNE reduction) in the meibomian glands, suggesting its role in stabilizing tear film composition. This study advances the field by introducing CCME as a potential therapeutic agent for photokeratitis, offering a natural, oral treatment alternative with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. CCME could help prevent progression to chronic DED and other ocular surface disorders by mitigating corneal inflammation and preserving tear film components. Given the elevated prevalence of UV-induced ocular damage due to environmental changes, these findings provide a foundation for developing CCME-based interventions in ophthalmology, bridging traditional medicine with modern therapeutic interventions.