Aijaz Ahmed Memon, Tasneem Gul Kazi, Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Hassan Imran Afridi, Jameel Ahmed Baig, Khalid Hussain Thebo, Ahsan Ali Memon
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Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis is spreading throughout the globe, while it is a crucial cause of death especially children in developing countries. The disturbances in the concentrations of essential trace elements are associated with impaired immunity in pulmonary tuberculosis infection.
Objective: In this study, the alterations in concentrations of essential trace elements, copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and Zn (Zn) in biological sample (blood serum) were determined in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) children, ages 5 to 10 years, before and after six month anti-tuberculosis treatment period.
Method: An environmental friendly methodology to treated the serum sample by means of a deep eutectic solvent, composed of oxalic acid and choline chloride (Ox-ChCl) at diverse molar ratio, then the contents of mixture was shaken in ultrasonic bath at different temperature range (40-85 °C). Subsequently added dilute HNO3 (0.5 M), to the contents of the tubes and centrifuged. The supernatant solution was subjected to an inductive couple emission plasma spectrophotometer. Effects of various factors on efficiency of digesting on the serum samples, to determine the Cu, Fe and Zn, including, volumes of deep eutectic solvent and its mole ratio, temperature and shaking time of ultrasonic bath were checked.
Results: The resulted data indicates that the PTB patients have changed profile of all three metals in their sera and this could be more due to the active disease rather than underlying deficiencies. Compared with the non-diseased children, the levels of Fe and Zn in the serum samples of PTB affected children were considerably lower (P < 0.05), while that of Cu/Zn ratio was extensively higher (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: After six month treatment the levels of Fe and Zn were enhanced about 16% and 30% respectively, while 23% Cu was decreased in serum samples of PTB children. These values were slightly lower than referent values.
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