Numerical simulation of blood flow in 3D CT-based healthy and atherosclerosis carotid artery bifurcation models to compare the hemodynamics and biomechanics using FSI method under realistic boundary conditions.

IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS
Hiwa Aryan, Melika Rasi, Sasan Asiaei
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Atherosclerosis, a primary cause of cardiovascular diseases, arises from intricate interactions between hemodynamic factors and vascular biology. This condition is characterized by a reduction in luminal cross-sectional area, which consequently impairs blood supply. In this study, patient-specific models of a stenosis carotid artery and its digitally-created healthy counterpart were reconstructed from CT scans. Employing the finite element method and a two-way fluid-structure interaction (FSI) coupling approach, non-Newtonian simulations of pulsatile and laminar blood flow were performed. The arterial wall was modeled as a linear, elastic, isotropic, and homogeneous material. The presence of plaque led to an approximately two-fold increase in peak velocity within the stenotic region, rising from approximately 0.3 m/s in the healthy model to 0.7 m/s, directly attributable to the reduced luminal area. The maximum shear stress of the wall at the location of the plaque reached 40 Pa. Furthermore, the maximum wall displacement increased from 1.5 mm in the healthy artery to 1.7 mm in the stenosis artery. While pressure results indicated minor localized increases and decreases before and after the plaque site, respectively, these changes did not significantly affect the total arterial pressure. Examination of blood flow streamlines revealed flow recirculation regions in the carotid sinus bulb of both arteries. In the stenosis artery, an additional and more pronounced flow recirculation region formed distal to the plaque, owing to the post-stenotic expansion. This phenomenon led to a substantial increase of approximately 240% in the oscillatory shear index (OSI) within the internal carotid artery branch. The relative residence time (RRT) remained relatively constant in the common carotid artery and the bifurcation region. However, RRT decreased by approximately 40% in the carotid branches, predominantly in the external carotid artery. Comparison of hemodynamic parameters and biological indices between healthy and stenosed arteries suggests that atherosclerotic plaques significantly alter local hemodynamics, potentially creating novel regions susceptible to atherosclerosis that are absent in healthy artery. In the healthy artery, about 8.3% of the vessel area was at risk for disease (TAWSS < 0.4 Pa), but this increased to 20% in the stenosed artery due to plaque accumulation, a 2.4-fold expansion. Regarding RRT, an increase was observed; areas with RRT > 10 expanded by approximately 1.6 times in the stenosed artery (from 3.1% in healthy to 5% in diseased).

基于三维ct的健康和动脉粥样硬化颈动脉分叉模型血流数值模拟,比较现实边界条件下FSI方法的血流动力学和生物力学。
动脉粥样硬化是心血管疾病的主要原因,是血液动力学因素和血管生物学之间复杂的相互作用的结果。这种情况的特点是管腔横截面积减少,从而损害血液供应。在这项研究中,通过CT扫描重建了患者特定的颈动脉狭窄模型和数字创建的健康颈动脉模型。采用有限元法和双向流固耦合方法,对脉动和层流血流进行了非牛顿模拟。动脉壁建模为线性、弹性、各向同性和均匀的材料。斑块的存在导致狭窄区域内的峰值流速增加了约两倍,从健康模型的约0.3 m/s上升到0.7 m/s,直接归因于管腔面积的减少。斑块位置壁面最大剪切应力达到40 Pa。血管壁最大位移从健康动脉的1.5 mm增加到狭窄动脉的1.7 mm。虽然血压结果显示斑块部位前后分别有轻微的局部升高和降低,但这些变化对总动脉压没有显著影响。血流流线检查显示双动脉颈动脉窦球内有血流再循环区。在狭窄的动脉中,由于狭窄后的扩张,在斑块远端形成了一个额外的、更明显的血流再循环区域。这一现象导致颈内动脉分支的振荡剪切指数(OSI)大幅增加约240%。颈总动脉和分支区的相对停留时间(RRT)保持相对恒定。然而,颈动脉分支的RRT下降了约40%,主要是颈外动脉。健康动脉和狭窄动脉之间的血流动力学参数和生物学指标的比较表明,动脉粥样硬化斑块显著改变了局部血流动力学,可能产生健康动脉中不存在的新的动脉粥样硬化易感区域。在健康动脉中,约8.3%的血管面积存在疾病风险(TAWSS < 0.4 Pa),但在狭窄动脉中,由于斑块积聚,这一比例增加到20%,扩大了2.4倍。关于RRT,观察到增加;在狭窄的动脉中,RRT bbb10区域扩大了约1.6倍(从健康的3.1%到患病的5%)。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
6.20%
发文量
179
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The primary aims of Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering are to provide a means of communicating the advances being made in the areas of biomechanics and biomedical engineering and to stimulate interest in the continually emerging computer based technologies which are being applied in these multidisciplinary subjects. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering will also provide a focus for the importance of integrating the disciplines of engineering with medical technology and clinical expertise. Such integration will have a major impact on health care in the future.
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