The Role of Gut Microbial Metabolites in Polyphenol-Mediated Cardiovascular Protection

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Polyphenols, bioactive compounds found in plant-based foods, exert cardioprotective effects, partly mediated by their interactions with the gut microbiome. This editorial explores how microbial metabolites of polyphenols enhance bioavailability and exert potent vascular benefits while also addressing polyphenols' potential role in reducing harmful metabolites such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln). Despite promising preliminary findings, further research is required to elucidate underlying mechanisms and optimize polyphenol-based interventions for cardiovascular health.