Puberty, sex, and fear extinction retention: A neuroimaging study in youth

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI:10.1016/j.dcn.2025.101595

Sneha Bhargava , Clara G. Zundel , MacKenna Shampine , Samantha Ely , Carmen Carpenter , Jennifer Losiowski , Shravya Chanamolu , Jovan Jande , Reem Tamimi , Kamakashi Sharma , Emilie O’Mara , Alaina M. Jaster , Hilary A. Marusak

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Anxiety disorders affect 31.1 % of U.S. adults, with females exhibiting twice the prevalence of males. While sex differences are well-documented, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Advanced pubertal status is linked to increased anxiety symptoms in females but not males, suggesting puberty contributes to sex differences in fear-based disorders. Deficits in fear extinction and retention are implicated in anxiety, and prior research suggests sex hormones influence extinction retention. This study examined sex assigned at birth (parent-reported) and pubertal status (self-reported) on extinction retention in 101 youth (47.5 % female) using a Pavlovian fear extinction paradigm. Measures included self-reported anxiety symptoms, extinction retention, and neural activation in the amygdala, hippocampus, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC).

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青春期、性和恐惧消退保留：一项青少年神经影像学研究

焦虑症影响了31.1% %的美国成年人，其中女性的患病率是男性的两倍。虽然性别差异有充分的证据，但潜在的机制仍不清楚。青春期提前与女性焦虑症状的增加有关，而与男性无关，这表明青春期导致了基于恐惧的障碍的性别差异。恐惧消退和保留的缺陷与焦虑有关，先前的研究表明性激素影响消退和保留。本研究使用巴甫洛夫恐惧消退范式，考察了101名青少年（47.5% %为女性）的出生性别（父母报告）和青春期状态（自我报告）对消退保留的影响。测量包括自我报告的焦虑症状、消退保留、杏仁核、海马体和前扣带皮层（ACC）的神经激活。

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来源期刊

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience NEUROSCIENCES-

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

10.60%

发文量

124

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The journal publishes theoretical and research papers on cognitive brain development, from infancy through childhood and adolescence and into adulthood. It covers neurocognitive development and neurocognitive processing in both typical and atypical development, including social and affective aspects. Appropriate methodologies for the journal include, but are not limited to, functional neuroimaging (fMRI and MEG), electrophysiology (EEG and ERP), NIRS and transcranial magnetic stimulation, as well as other basic neuroscience approaches using cellular and animal models that directly address cognitive brain development, patient studies, case studies, post-mortem studies and pharmacological studies.