Adaptive fuzzy load frequency controller with time-varying delay and V2G penetration

IF 7.1 2区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Energy and Buildings Pub Date : 2025-07-05 DOI:10.1016/j.enbuild.2025.116098

Farrukh Nagi , Khairul Salleh , Jawaid I. Inayat-Hussain , Muhamad Bin Mansur , Navinesshani Permal , Marayati Marsadek

引用次数: 0

Abstract

This paper presents a Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) based Adaptive Fuzzy Controller for Load Frequency Control (LFC) with time-varying time delay Electric Vehicle (EV) penetration. The adaptive fuzzy controller mitigates time-varying delay signals from smart grid communication and load disturbances. It identifies and controls the LFC system at each time step to minimize frequency deviation. Zero-order TSK fuzzy membership functions are tuned using Gradient Descent (GD), optimized with an H2-optimal performance objective. Simulated time-varying delays are introduced to assess the adaptive fuzzy controller’s effectiveness. The unsupervised, indirect adaptive method enables online learning using LFC process measurements. The proposed adaptive fuzzy controller is robust against large load disturbances and time-varying delays in Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) mode.

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时变时滞和V2G穿透的自适应模糊负载频率控制器

提出了一种基于Takagi-Sugeno-Kang （TSK）的时变时滞电动汽车渗透负荷频率控制（LFC）自适应模糊控制器。自适应模糊控制器可以有效地缓解智能电网通信和负荷干扰带来的时变延迟信号。它识别和控制LFC系统在每个时间步长，以尽量减少频率偏差。零阶TSK模糊隶属函数使用梯度下降（GD）进行调优，并以h2最优性能目标进行优化。引入仿真时变时滞来评估自适应模糊控制器的有效性。无监督，间接自适应方法使在线学习使用LFC过程测量。所提出的自适应模糊控制器对车辆到电网（V2G）模式下的大负载扰动和时变延迟具有鲁棒性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Energy and Buildings 工程技术-工程：土木

CiteScore

12.70

自引率

11.90%

发文量

863

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： An international journal devoted to investigations of energy use and efficiency in buildings Energy and Buildings is an international journal publishing articles with explicit links to energy use in buildings. The aim is to present new research results, and new proven practice aimed at reducing the energy needs of a building and improving indoor environment quality.