Shrinking quantum randomization

IF 45.8 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Science Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI:10.1126/science.adz0147

Naoki Yamamoto, Kaito Wada

引用次数: 0

Abstract

When rolling a dice, each of the six faces appears randomly with equal probability. This simple phenomenon of randomness plays a key role in many technologies such as cryptography (1), complex physical simulations (2), and magnetic resonance imaging (3). In classical computer science, randomized algorithms can perform more efficient computation with less memory use compared to algorithms that follow deterministic paths (4). Randomness also has an important technological role in quantum computing, but generating this requires a large number of operations. On page 92 of this issue, Schuster et al. (5) report a quantum circuit (an abstract sequence of actions for computation) that achieves randomness with an exponentially reduced number of operations. This lowers the engineering barrier for achieving fast and efficient quantum computing in various applications.

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缩小量子随机化

当掷骰子时，六张脸中的每一张都以相同的概率随机出现。这种简单的随机性现象在密码学(1)、复杂物理模拟(2)和磁共振成像(3)等许多技术中发挥着关键作用。在经典计算机科学中，与遵循确定性路径的算法相比，随机算法可以在更少的内存使用下执行更高效的计算(4)。随机性在量子计算中也有重要的技术作用，但产生随机性需要大量的操作。在这期杂志的第92页，Schuster等人(5)报告了一个量子电路（用于计算的抽象动作序列），它通过指数减少的操作数量来实现随机性。这降低了在各种应用中实现快速高效量子计算的工程障碍。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Science 综合性期刊-综合性期刊

CiteScore

61.10

自引率

0.90%

发文量

审稿时长

2.1 months

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