Enhancement of In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Alpinia officinarum Hance Extract With Dual-Coated Liposomes

Abstract

Bioaccessibility is a significant problem hindering dietary polyphenols' beneficial effect on human health. Plants, such as spices, have a high polyphenol content, but the human body can only benefit from the part absorbed from the intestine. Alpinia officinarum Hance is also a spice with high polyphenol content, but its phenolic compounds have low bioaccessibility with low solubility, stability, and poor intestinal absorption. Although various carrier systems have been developed to overcome this situation, the performance of chitosan–sodium alginate coated liposomes was evaluated for the first time in this study. It was demonstrated that in contrast to various carrier systems developed, double-coated liposomes preserve the active ingredients and increase their bioaccessibility in environments with different pH, enzyme, and salt conditions. For the enhancement of the bioaccessibility of its phenolic compounds, Alpinia officinarum Hance extract was encapsulated in dual-coated liposomes. For this purpose, chromatographic and spectroscopic analysis of Alpinia officinarum Hance extract was performed. The dual-coated liposomes were produced and characterized, and the in vitro release profile and bioaccessibility were investigated. The significant differences between the results were statistically analyzed. The liposomes were produced with 93.19% ± 0.02% encapsulation efficiency and a size of 155 ± 22.61 nm, zeta potential of −40.97 ± 13.41 mV. The bioaccessibility of galangin in Alpinia officinarum Hance extract was 23.87% ± 0.24%, and in dual-coated liposomes was 73.65% ± 1.70%. By virtue of the developed system, liposomes loaded with Alpinia officinarum Hance extract resisted gastrointestinal conditions and increased its bioaccessibility approximately threefold by slowing the release of the extract. The results are statistically significant.