A model of changeover behavior in two-alternative choice

IF 1.4 3区 心理学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Matias A. Avellaneda
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The amount of time that organisms spend on a variable-interval schedule of a concurrent pair before departing to the other one (i.e., the dwell time on the schedule) follows an exponential distribution, meaning that the probability of switching to the other schedule does not increase or decrease throughout the visit. This appears to reflect an innate behavioral pattern and implies that concurrent-schedule performance can be modeled using continuous-time Markov chains. In the two-alternative case, the behavior of a Markov chain is completely determined by the leaving rates from each alternative (i.e., the number of departures per unit of time), so finding expressions for these leaving rates should suffice to completely characterize changeover behavior in concurrent schedules. Such expressions can be derived from the matching law in combination with either the mathematical principles of reinforcement or Baum's laws of allocation, induction, and covariance. The resulting equations are assessed in the particular case of concurrent variable-interval schedules using a large data set from a published study that systematically manipulated both the relative and the overall rates of reinforcement, resulting in excellent fits. The performance of the model is also assessed against that of competing models, proving to be superior in most cases.

两种选择下的转换行为模型
生物在离开到另一个并行对的可变间隔计划上花费的时间(即,计划上的停留时间)遵循指数分布,这意味着在整个访问过程中切换到另一个计划的概率不会增加或减少。这似乎反映了一种固有的行为模式,并意味着并发调度性能可以使用连续时间马尔可夫链来建模。在两个备选方案的情况下,马尔可夫链的行为完全由每个备选方案的离开率(即,每单位时间的离开次数)决定,因此找到这些离开率的表达式应该足以完全表征并发调度中的转换行为。这样的表达式可以由匹配定律与强化的数学原理或Baum的分配、归纳和协方差定律相结合而得出。在并发变间隔计划的特殊情况下,使用来自已发表研究的大型数据集对所得方程进行评估,该研究系统地操纵了相对和总体加固率,从而获得了极好的拟合结果。该模型的性能也与竞争模型进行了评估,证明在大多数情况下是优越的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
14.80%
发文量
83
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior is primarily for the original publication of experiments relevant to the behavior of individual organisms.
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