Role of Redox-Induced Protein Modifications in Spermatozoa in Health and Disease.

IF 6 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Chika Onochie, Keturah Evi, Cristian O'Flaherty
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Male infertility contributes to approximately half of all infertility cases, with most cases associated with oxidative stress. Spermatozoa depend on finely tuned redox signaling for critical processes such as capacitation, motility, and fertilization competence; however, their unique structural and metabolic features render them particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage. Reversible oxidative modifications regulate enzymatic activity, signaling cascades, and structural stability, supporting normal sperm function, whereas irreversible oxidative damage impairs motility, acrosome reaction, and DNA integrity, contributing to male infertility. The intricate balance between physiological redox signaling and pathological oxidative stress demonstrates the potential of redox modifications as biomarkers for infertility diagnosis and as targets for antioxidant-based therapeutic interventions. This review explores the role of redox-induced protein modifications in sperm function, focusing on thiol oxidation, S-nitrosylation, sulfhydration, glutathionylation, CoAlation, and protein carbonylation. By uncovering the mechanisms of these redox modifications, we provide a framework for their modulation in the development of targeted redox interventions to improve male fertility.

氧化还原诱导的精子蛋白修饰在健康和疾病中的作用。
男性不育症约占所有不育症病例的一半,大多数病例与氧化应激有关。精子依赖于精细调整的氧化还原信号的关键过程,如获能、运动和受精能力;然而,它们独特的结构和代谢特征使它们特别容易受到氧化损伤。可逆的氧化修饰调节酶活性、信号级联反应和结构稳定性,支持正常精子功能,而不可逆的氧化损伤损害运动能力、顶体反应和DNA完整性,导致男性不育。生理氧化还原信号和病理性氧化应激之间的复杂平衡表明,氧化还原修饰作为不孕症诊断的生物标志物和基于抗氧化剂的治疗干预的靶标具有潜力。本文综述了氧化还原诱导的蛋白质修饰在精子功能中的作用,重点是硫醇氧化、s -亚硝基化、巯基化、谷胱甘肽化、CoAlation和蛋白质羰基化。通过揭示这些氧化还原修饰的机制,我们为它们在开发靶向氧化还原干预以提高男性生育能力方面的调节提供了一个框架。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Antioxidants
Antioxidants Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Physiology
CiteScore
10.60
自引率
11.40%
发文量
2123
审稿时长
16.3 days
期刊介绍: Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921), provides an advanced forum for studies related to the science and technology of antioxidants. It publishes research papers, reviews and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.
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