Know Your Enemy: Piscirickettsia salmonis and Phage Interactions Using an In Silico Perspective.

IF 4.6 2区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Carolina Ramírez, Jaime Romero
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Aquaculture faces significant challenges due to bacterial infections, particularly Piscirickettsia salmonis, leading to extensive antibiotic use and raising concerns about antimicrobial resistance. In this context, bacteriophages and bacterial defense systems play a critical role in the evolutionary dynamics of P. salmonis. Objective. This study aimed to investigate the genomic landscape of prophage regions and antiphage defense systems in Piscirickettsia salmonis to better understand their co-evolutionary dynamics and explore their potential role in alternative disease control strategies for aquaculture. Methods: We analyzed 79 genomes of Piscirickettsia salmonis using bioinformatic tools to identify and characterize prophage regions and antiphage defense systems. Results: At the chromosomal level, 70% of the strains contained prophage regions, with a total of 92 identified regions, most of which were classified as intact. At the plasmid level, 75% of plasmids carried prophage regions, with a total of 426 identified regions, predominantly associated with Escherichia phage RCS47, Burkholderia phage Bcep176, and Enterobacteria phage mEp235. Prophage regions were enriched in transposases, head proteins, tail proteins, and phage-like proteins. The analysis of antiphage defense systems revealed that P. salmonis predominantly harbors dGTPase, AbidD, and SoFIC at the chromosomal level, whereas MazEF was the most frequent system in plasmids. A strong positive correlation was found between the number of prophage regions and defense systems in chromosomes (ρ = 0.72, p = 6.3 × 10-14), while a weaker correlation was observed in plasmids. These findings highlight the complex interplay between P. salmonis and its bacteriophages, with implications for disease control in aquaculture. Conclusions: Overall, these insights into the prophage and defense system dynamics provide potential avenues for developing alternative strategies to combat P. salmonis infections and reduce reliance on antibiotics in aquaculture systems.

了解你的敌人:从计算机的角度看Piscirickettsia沙门氏菌和噬菌体的相互作用。
背景:由于细菌感染,特别是鱼立克氏菌感染,水产养殖面临重大挑战,导致抗生素的广泛使用,并引起对抗菌素耐药性的关注。在这种情况下,噬菌体和细菌防御系统在沙门氏菌的进化动力学中起着关键作用。目标。本研究旨在研究pisciricketttsia鲑属的前噬菌体区域和抗噬菌体防御系统的基因组景观,以更好地了解它们的共同进化动力学,并探索它们在水产养殖替代疾病控制策略中的潜在作用。方法:利用生物信息学工具分析了鱼立克氏体沙门氏菌的79个基因组,以鉴定和表征前噬菌体区域和抗噬菌体防御系统。结果:在染色体水平上,70%的菌株含有前噬菌体区,共鉴定出92个区域,其中大部分为完整区。在质粒水平上,75%的质粒携带前噬菌体区域,共鉴定出426个区域,主要与埃希氏菌噬菌体RCS47、伯克霍尔德氏菌噬菌体Bcep176和肠杆菌噬菌体mEp235相关。前噬菌体区域富含转座酶、头蛋白、尾蛋白和噬菌体样蛋白。对噬菌体防御系统的分析表明,沙门氏菌在染色体水平上主要含有dGTPase、AbidD和SoFIC,而在质粒中最常见的系统是MazEF。原噬菌体区域数目与染色体防御系统数目呈显著正相关(ρ = 0.72, p = 6.3 × 10-14),质粒数目与防御系统数目的相关性较弱。这些发现突出了沙门氏菌及其噬菌体之间复杂的相互作用,对水产养殖中的疾病控制具有重要意义。结论:总的来说,这些关于前噬菌体和防御系统动力学的见解为开发对抗沙门氏菌感染的替代策略和减少水产养殖系统对抗生素的依赖提供了潜在的途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Antibiotics-Basel
Antibiotics-Basel Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
14.60%
发文量
1547
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382) is an open access, peer reviewed journal on all aspects of antibiotics. Antibiotics is a multi-disciplinary journal encompassing the general fields of biochemistry, chemistry, genetics, microbiology and pharmacology. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on the length of papers.
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