Photosynthetic performance and yield of intercropped maize and soybean are directly opposite under different intercropping ratios and maize planting densities interactions.

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI:10.1002/jsfa.70004

Yan Rui Gu, Rotimi George Ibitoye, Jing Jing He, Fei Gao, Xun Bo Zhou

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Maize-soybean intercropping, a sustainable intensification practice, has been extensively studied. However, systematic research on how maize planting density and crop allocation patterns influence yield-related photosynthetic mechanisms in intercropping systems is scarce. This study conducted a two-year field trial during the 2022 and 2023 planting seasons to evaluate the effects of intercropping ratios (M4S4: four rows maize to four rows soybean; M2S2: two rows maize to two rows soybean) and maize planting densities (D1: 45 000 plants ha^-1, D2: 52 500 plants ha^-1, D3: 60 000 plants ha^-1) on photosynthetic performance and yield of maize and soybean, with monoculture as controls.

Results: Compared to monoculture, the two-season average of maize under M2S2 at D2 density showed the most significant increase (9.63-64.92%) in leaf area index, SPAD value (relative chlorophyll content), photosynthetic parameters (net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO₂ concentration), light interception, photochemical quenching and maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry, and the most significant decrease (13.11-31.23%) in penetration (Pr), reflectance (Re) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), resulting in a 58.80% maize yield increase. Conversely, the two-season average of soybean indicators in intercropping exhibited opposite trends to maize, with the worst performance at D3 under M2S2, increasing Pr, Re, and NPQ by 19.99-46.86%, and decreasing other photosynthetic parameters by 6.70-33.23%, with soybean yield decreasing by 36.03%.

Conclusion: Conclusively, intercropped maize with a similar monoculture density of 52 500 plants ha^-1 under the M2S2 intercropping ratio produced the optimal photosynthetic performance and yield, with results opposite in intercropped soybean. Therefore, this intercropping ratio and planting density are recommended for sustainable maize production. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.

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在不同间作比例和玉米种植密度交互作用下，间作玉米和大豆的光合性能和产量正相反。

背景：玉米-大豆间作作为一种可持续集约化种植方式，已被广泛研究。然而，关于间作系统中玉米种植密度和作物配置模式如何影响与产量相关的光合机制的系统研究却很少。本研究在2022年和2023年种植季节进行了为期两年的田间试验，以评估间作比例(M4S4：四行玉米对四行大豆；M2S2：两行玉米对两行大豆)和玉米种植密度（D1: 45000株hm -1， D2: 52500株hm -1， D3: 60000株hm -1）对玉米和大豆光合性能和产量的影响，以单作为对照。结果:与单作相比，D2密度下M2S2处理下玉米两季平均叶面积指数、SPAD值（相对叶绿素含量）、光合参数（净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度）、光截获、光化学猝灭和PSII光化学最大量子效率显著提高（9.63 ~ 64.92%），透度（Pr）显著降低（13.11 ~ 31.23%）；反射率（Re）和非光化学猝灭（NPQ），使玉米产量提高58.80%。相反，间作大豆各项指标的两季平均值与玉米相反，M2S2下D3处理表现最差，Pr、Re和NPQ增加19.99 ~ 46.86%，其他光合参数下降6.70 ~ 33.23%，大豆产量下降36.03%。结论：综上所述，在M2S2间作比例下，单作密度为52 500株hm -1的间作玉米的光合性能和产量最佳，间作大豆则相反。因此，该间作比例和种植密度是玉米可持续生产的推荐选择。©2025化学工业协会。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 工程技术-农业综合

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

4.90%

发文量

634

审稿时长

3.1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture publishes peer-reviewed original research, reviews, mini-reviews, perspectives and spotlights in these areas, with particular emphasis on interdisciplinary studies at the agriculture/ food interface. Published for SCI by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. SCI (Society of Chemical Industry) is a unique international forum where science meets business on independent, impartial ground. Anyone can join and current Members include consumers, business people, environmentalists, industrialists, farmers, and researchers. The Society offers a chance to share information between sectors as diverse as food and agriculture, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, materials, chemicals, environmental science and safety. As well as organising educational events, SCI awards a number of prestigious honours and scholarships each year, publishes peer-reviewed journals, and provides Members with news from their sectors in the respected magazine, Chemistry & Industry . Originally established in London in 1881 and in New York in 1894, SCI is a registered charity with Members in over 70 countries.