Mendelian randomization study of micronutrients and development of CKD in a Korean population.

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI:10.1186/s12937-025-01160-2

Juyeon Lee, Sangjun Lee, Kook-Hwan Oh, Sue K Park

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Abstract

Background: Although dietary intake is a key modifiable risk factor in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the optimal consumption levels to prevent CKD and the intake levels that pose the least risk remain unclear. Building on the findings from our previous cohort study, this research aims to use genetic variants as instrumental variables to clarify the complex relationship between micronutrient status and the pathogenesis of CKD.

Methods: Of 5,078 participants with a baseline estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m² and who were not diagnosed with CKD, we ascertained 708 new CKD cases over 12 year follow-up periods. Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted using genetic instrumental variables to examine the causal relationships between dietary micronutrients (Phosphorus, Vitamin B2, B6 and C) levels and the development of CKD.

Results: In Mendelian randomization study, using the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) radial method, dietary vitamin B6 (β = -4.016, p-value = 8.72E-05) and C (β = 2.573, p = 1.41E-05) intake levels demonstrated significant associations with the development of CKD. However, there was no significant association observed for dietary phosphorus and vitamin B2 intake levels with the development of CKD (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: This study found a weak causal link to genetically predicted levels of vitamins B6 and C on CKD development. Given potential residual pleiotropy and biological limitations, findings should be cautiously interpreted yet highlight the possible role of balanced micronutrient intake in kidney health.

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微量营养素与韩国人群CKD发展的孟德尔随机研究。

背景：虽然饮食摄入是慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）发展的一个关键可改变的危险因素，但预防CKD的最佳摄入水平和构成最低风险的摄入水平仍不清楚。在我们之前的队列研究的基础上，本研究旨在利用遗传变异作为工具变量来阐明微量营养素状况与CKD发病机制之间的复杂关系。方法：在5078名基线估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2且未诊断为CKD的参与者中，我们在12年的随访期间确定了708例新的CKD病例。采用遗传工具变量进行孟德尔随机化分析，研究膳食微量营养素（磷、维生素B2、B6和C）水平与慢性肾病发生之间的因果关系。结果：在孟德尔随机化研究中，采用逆方差加权（IVW）径向法，膳食维生素B6 （β = -4.016， p值= 8.72E-05）和维生素C （β = 2.573, p = 1.41E-05）摄入水平与CKD的发生有显著相关性。然而，饲粮磷和维生素B2摄入量水平与CKD的发生无显著相关性（p < 0.05）。结论：本研究发现，维生素B6和C的基因预测水平与CKD的发展有微弱的因果关系。考虑到潜在的剩余多效性和生物学限制，研究结果应谨慎解释，但应强调平衡微量营养素摄入在肾脏健康中的可能作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition Journal NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition Journal publishes surveillance, epidemiologic, and intervention research that sheds light on i) influences (e.g., familial, environmental) on eating patterns; ii) associations between eating patterns and health, and iii) strategies to improve eating patterns among populations. The journal also welcomes manuscripts reporting on the psychometric properties (e.g., validity, reliability) and feasibility of methods (e.g., for assessing dietary intake) for human nutrition research. In addition, study protocols for controlled trials and cohort studies, with an emphasis on methods for assessing dietary exposures and outcomes as well as intervention components, will be considered. Manuscripts that consider eating patterns holistically, as opposed to solely reductionist approaches that focus on specific dietary components in isolation, are encouraged. Also encouraged are papers that take a holistic or systems perspective in attempting to understand possible compensatory and differential effects of nutrition interventions. The journal does not consider animal studies. In addition to the influence of eating patterns for human health, we also invite research providing insights into the environmental sustainability of dietary practices. Again, a holistic perspective is encouraged, for example, through the consideration of how eating patterns might maximize both human and planetary health.