Green-synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles alleviates copper toxicity and enhance the morpho-physiological growth and tuber quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown in contaminated soil

IF 4.8 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI:10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102102

Hongyang Wang , Youhong Feng , Yan Yang , Rui Shi , Jiali Geng , Yunxin Kong , Muzammal Rehman , Zahid Maqbool , Shah Saud , Shah Fahad , Gang Deng

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Abstract

A pot study was carried out to explore the effectiveness of varying levels (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 mM) of green-synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO-NPs) on morpho-physiological growth and tuber quality of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) grown in copper (Cu) contaminated soils (S₁ and S₂). Results revealed that Cu contamination badly influenced the growth parameters of potato plants, but use of FeO-NPs at 9 mM significantly enhanced the morpho-physiological growth, antioxidant enzyme activities and tuber quality attributes in Cu contaminated soils. Among various treatments, highest increase in plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll contents, fresh and dry biomass of potato were recorded in S₁NP₃ followed by S₂NP₃ as compared to control. Although highest malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were observed in S₂NP₀ (37.70 ± 1.14 nmol g⁻¹) followed by S₁NP₀ (24.16 ± 1.64 nmol g⁻¹) but FeO-NPs effectively reduced MDA content in S₂NP₃. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly enhanced by 167.4 % and 308.6 %, and 169.2 % and 168.3 % respectively, in the S₂NP₃ treatment at the budding and flowering stages. Furthermore, maximum reduction in Cu content in the soil (46.9 %), shoots (56.8 %), leaves (84.1 %) and tubers (86.9 %) was also observed in S₂NP₃. Overall, green-synthesized FeO-NPs improved the growth, antioxidant activity, and quality of potatoes in Cu contaminated soils.

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绿色合成氧化铁纳米颗粒减轻了污染土壤中马铃薯的铜毒性，促进了马铃薯形态生理生长和块茎品质

通过盆栽试验，研究了不同浓度（0、3、6、9和12 mM）的绿色合成氧化铁纳米颗粒（FeO-NPs）对铜污染土壤（S1和S2）中马铃薯（Solanum Tuberosum L.）形态生理生长和块茎品质的影响。结果表明，Cu污染严重影响了马铃薯植株的生长参数，但在9 mM处施用FeO-NPs显著提高了Cu污染土壤的形态生理生长、抗氧化酶活性和块茎品质属性。各处理中，马铃薯株高、茎粗、叶绿素含量、鲜、干生物量以S1NP3处理增幅最大，其次为S2NP3处理。虽然丙二醛（MDA）含量最高的是S2NP0(37.70±1.14 nmol g−1)，其次是S1NP0(24.16±1.64 nmol g−1)，但FeO-NPs能有效降低S2NP3的MDA含量。此外，在出芽和开花期，S2NP3处理的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性分别显著提高了167.4%和308.6%，169.2%和168.3%。此外，土壤、茎、叶、块茎中Cu含量降低幅度最大，分别为46.9%、56.8%、84.1%和86.9%。总体而言，绿色合成的FeO-NPs改善了铜污染土壤中马铃薯的生长、抗氧化活性和品质。

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