Serine governs metabolic homeostasis and microbial crosstalk to promote the utilization of urea nitrogen in rumen fermentation in vitro.

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI:10.1002/jsfa.14425

Yunan Weng, Yueyue Qin, Haoran Cao, Ziyi Tang, Xiujuan Zhao, Hosameldeen Mohamed Husien, Ahmed A Saleh, Hongrong Wang

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Abstract

Background: Urea is commonly used as a protein substitute in ruminant diets due to its nitrogen utilization efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Serine-derived downstream metabolism contributes to urea-enriched metabolic pathways in rumen fluid.

Results: This study examined the effects of 7.50 g kg^-1 dry matter serine supplementation on fermentation parameters and microbial communities in urea-based substrates. Fifteen amino acids were detected in the fermentation fluid. Urea-based substrates exhibited distinct amino acid profiles compared to the control basal substrate, with lower levels of most amino acids except cysteine (Cys), leucine (Leu), and phenylalanine (Phe). Serine supplementation increased propionate production, microbial protein synthesis, and dry matter digestibility, while decreasing isovalerate, isoleucine (Ile), and Leu levels. Additionally, serine supplementation altered microbial populations, increasing Ruminobacter and Bacteroidales_BS11_gut_group by 24.47% and 26.42%, respectively, while decreasing Prevotella and WCHB1-41 by 9.30% and 24.15%, respectively. Glycine and folate, which are downstream metabolites of serine, exhibited partial similarity to serine regarding their influence on fermentation profiles. Notably, serine reduced the fermentation of Leu and Ile into isovalerate, irrespective of their supplementation, exhibiting a dosage-dependent effect.

Conclusions: In short, serine supplementation in urea-based substrates enhances fermentation, promoting the utilization of urea nitrogen and amino acids. Serine mediated crosstalk between the 'serine-glycine-folate' metabolic pathway and reshaped microbial communities to improve the utilization of urea nitrogen and amino acids. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.

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丝氨酸调节体外瘤胃发酵代谢稳态和微生物串扰，促进尿素氮的利用。

背景：尿素具有较高的氮利用效率和成本效益，是反刍动物饲粮中常用的蛋白质替代品。丝氨酸衍生的下游代谢有助于瘤胃液中尿素富集的代谢途径。结果：本研究考察了添加7.50 g kg-1干物质丝氨酸对尿素基基质发酵参数和微生物群落的影响。在发酵液中检测到15种氨基酸。与对照底物相比，尿素基底物显示出不同的氨基酸分布，除半胱氨酸（Cys）、亮氨酸（Leu）和苯丙氨酸（Phe）外，大多数氨基酸的含量都较低。补充丝氨酸增加了丙酸产量、微生物蛋白质合成和干物质消化率，同时降低了异戊酸、异亮氨酸（Ile）和亮氨酸水平。此外，添加丝氨酸改变了微生物种群，瘤胃杆菌群和拟杆菌群分别增加了24.47%和26.42%，普雷沃氏菌群和WCHB1-41群分别减少了9.30%和24.15%。甘氨酸和叶酸是丝氨酸的下游代谢产物，它们对发酵谱的影响与丝氨酸有部分相似之处。值得注意的是，丝氨酸减少了亮氨酸和亮氨酸发酵成异戊酸的过程，无论它们的添加量如何，都表现出剂量依赖效应。结论：总之，在尿素基底物中添加丝氨酸可以促进发酵，促进尿素氮和氨基酸的利用。丝氨酸介导的“丝氨酸-甘氨酸-叶酸”代谢途径之间的串扰和重塑微生物群落以提高尿素氮和氨基酸的利用。©2025化学工业协会。

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来源期刊

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 工程技术-农业综合

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

4.90%

发文量

634

审稿时长

3.1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture publishes peer-reviewed original research, reviews, mini-reviews, perspectives and spotlights in these areas, with particular emphasis on interdisciplinary studies at the agriculture/ food interface. Published for SCI by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. SCI (Society of Chemical Industry) is a unique international forum where science meets business on independent, impartial ground. Anyone can join and current Members include consumers, business people, environmentalists, industrialists, farmers, and researchers. The Society offers a chance to share information between sectors as diverse as food and agriculture, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, materials, chemicals, environmental science and safety. As well as organising educational events, SCI awards a number of prestigious honours and scholarships each year, publishes peer-reviewed journals, and provides Members with news from their sectors in the respected magazine, Chemistry & Industry . Originally established in London in 1881 and in New York in 1894, SCI is a registered charity with Members in over 70 countries.