Opportunities for Policy Progress: The Role of Schools in Minimizing, Mitigating, or Perpetuating Weight-Based Stigma

Abstract

Weight stigma profoundly impacts the mental, emotional, and physical well-being of children and adolescents in larger bodies. As pivotal social environments, schools may unintentionally reinforce weight stigma via policies and practices. This paper examines three key policy strategies to mitigate weight stigma in school settings: adopting weight-neutral approaches in nutrition and physical education, implementing equitable screening and referral for eating disorders, and de-implementing body mass index (BMI) screenings. A review of existing evidence highlights the potential of these strategies to reduce stigma, promote inclusive health practices, and improve student outcomes. Weight-neutral education can minimize biases in health curricula and foster healthier perceptions of body image. Universal screening for eating disorders addresses diagnostic disparities, particularly for youth in larger bodies, who are often overlooked despite significant health risks. Removal of BMI screenings emerges as the most impactful and feasible approach, given its association with increased body dissatisfaction and limited efficacy in improving health outcomes. By implementing these evidence-based practices, schools can foster an equitable and supportive environment for all students, emphasizing holistic health over weight-centric metrics. As trusted institutions, schools have the unique capacity to lead systemic efforts to combat weight stigma and promote inclusivity across broader societal contexts.