Ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from walnut (Juglans regia L.) shell waste using choline chloride-based natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES): an in vitro bioaccessibility study.

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI:10.1002/jsfa.14405

Aysenur Erdem, Melek Keskin, Erturk Bekar, Senem Kamiloglu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Walnut shells, which are discarded as waste at both household and industrial levels, are good sources of phenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to apply an ultrasound-assisted extraction method using ten different choline chloride (ChCl)-based natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) to recover phenolic compounds from walnut shell waste (WSW) and to evaluate the in vitro bioaccessibility of the resulting green extracts. The phenolic compounds were identified and quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.

Results: The results revealed that quercitrin and taxifolin were the predominant flavonoids in WSW, while ellagic acid was the dominant phenolic acid. Bioaccessible total phenolic content (TPC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), flavonoids and phenolic acids and aldehydes were higher in most NADES extracts compared to the ethanolic extract. The extracts prepared with ChCl:lactic acid exhibited the highest bioaccessibility for TPC (79%), TAC (72%) and flavonoids (81%), while ChCl:glycerol had the highest levels of bioaccessible phenolic acids and aldehydes (99%).

Conclusion: This study emphasized the effectiveness of treating WSW with NADES combined with ultrasonication to improve the recovery and bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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基于氯化胆碱的天然深共晶溶剂（NADES）超声辅助提取核桃（Juglans regia L.）壳废弃物中酚类化合物的体外生物可及性研究。

背景：核桃壳，作为废物被丢弃在家庭和工业水平，是酚类化合物的良好来源。本研究采用超声辅助提取方法，利用10种不同的氯化胆碱（ChCl）基天然深共晶溶剂（NADES）从核桃壳废弃物（WSW）中提取酚类化合物，并评价其绿色提取物的体外生物可及性。采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离串联质谱法对酚类化合物进行了鉴定和定量。结果：黄酮类化合物以槲皮苷和杉木素为主，酚酸类化合物以鞣花酸为主。与乙醇提取物相比，大多数NADES提取物的生物可及总酚含量（TPC）、总抗氧化能力（TAC）、类黄酮、酚酸和醛均较高。以ChCl：乳酸制备的提取物对TPC（79%）、TAC（72%）和黄酮类化合物（81%）的生物可及性最高，而以ChCl：甘油制备的酚酸和醛类化合物的生物可及性最高（99%）。结论：本研究强调了NADES联合超声治疗WSW对提高酚类化合物的回收率和生物可及性的有效性。©2025作者。约翰威利父子有限公司代表化学工业协会出版的《食品与农业科学杂志》。

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来源期刊

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 工程技术-农业综合

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

4.90%

发文量

634

审稿时长

3.1 months

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