Disparities in Chronic Stress Exposure and Appraisal and Later-Life Disability.

IF 4.9 3区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Innovation in Aging Pub Date : 2025-04-04 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1093/geroni/igaf024

Madison R Sauerteig-Rolston

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and objectives: Influenced by the stress process theory, this study investigated the relationship between chronic stress (measured by exposure and appraisal) and the onset of a disability in later life among White, Black, U.S.-born Hispanic, and foreign-born Hispanic adults.

Research design and methods: Using nationally representative data from the Health and Retirement Study, I used Weibull accelerated failure time models to examine racial, ethnic, and nativity disparities in chronic stress exposure and appraisal and age of onset of disability during the following 8-10 years (i.e., incidence).

Results: Over time, earlier onset of disability was associated with higher levels of stress exposure (β = -0.04) and negative appraisals (β = -0.07). Appraising stress as more upsetting had a detrimental influence on later-life disability for Black adults (occurring 11% earlier), but a protective effect for foreign-born Hispanic adults (occurring 20% later) compared with White adults.

Discussion and implications: Overall, findings suggest it is important to acknowledge not just the exposure to chronic stressors, but how upsetting these chronic stressors make one feel to reduce racial, ethnic, and nativity disparities in disability.

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慢性应激暴露和评估与晚年残疾的差异。

背景和目的：受应激过程理论的影响，本研究调查了白人、黑人、美国出生的西班牙裔和外国出生的西班牙裔成年人的慢性应激（通过暴露和评估测量）与晚年残疾发病之间的关系。研究设计和方法：使用来自健康与退休研究的具有全国代表性的数据，我使用Weibull加速失效时间模型来检查种族、民族和出生在慢性压力暴露和评估方面的差异，以及在接下来的8-10年（即发病率）中发病的年龄。结果：随着时间的推移，更早的残疾发作与更高水平的压力暴露（β = -0.04）和负面评价（β = -0.07）相关。与白人成年人相比，将压力评价为更令人沮丧对黑人成年人的晚年残疾有不利影响（早11%发生），但对外国出生的西班牙裔成年人（晚20%发生）有保护作用。讨论和启示：总的来说，研究结果表明，重要的是不仅要承认慢性压力源的暴露，而且要承认这些慢性压力源让人感到多么不安，以减少种族、民族和出生地在残疾方面的差异。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Innovation in Aging GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY-

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

15 weeks

期刊介绍： Innovation in Aging, an interdisciplinary Open Access journal of the Gerontological Society of America (GSA), is dedicated to publishing innovative, conceptually robust, and methodologically rigorous research focused on aging and the life course. The journal aims to present studies with the potential to significantly enhance the health, functionality, and overall well-being of older adults by translating scientific insights into practical applications. Research published in the journal spans a variety of settings, including community, clinical, and laboratory contexts, with a clear emphasis on issues that are directly pertinent to aging and the dynamics of life over time. The content of the journal mirrors the diverse research interests of GSA members and encompasses a range of study types. These include the validation of new conceptual or theoretical models, assessments of factors impacting the health and well-being of older adults, evaluations of interventions and policies, the implementation of groundbreaking research methodologies, interdisciplinary research that adapts concepts and methods from other fields to aging studies, and the use of modeling and simulations to understand factors and processes influencing aging outcomes. The journal welcomes contributions from scholars across various disciplines, such as technology, engineering, architecture, economics, business, law, political science, public policy, education, public health, social and psychological sciences, biomedical and health sciences, and the humanities and arts, reflecting a holistic approach to advancing knowledge in gerontology.