Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Intake on Lipid Metabolism and Plaque Volume in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

IF 3.5 2区农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Science & Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI:10.1002/fsn3.70372

Chunyu Zhang, Yulei Xie, Jie Zhou, Chun Zhang, Qilang Xiang, Yi Zhong, Juan Xiao, Jian Feng, Bin Liao, Xuxin Chen, Li Deng

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Abstract

This systematic review and meta-analysis of 23 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) encompassed an overall sample size of 2061 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease. The objective was to assess the impact of omega-3 fatty acids intake on lipid profiles and arterial plaque volume. Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation significantly reduced circulating levels of triglycerides (TGs) (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −0.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.38 to −0.11) and total cholesterol (TC) (SMD = −0.12, 95% CI = −0.23 to −0.02), with no significant impact on the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), or arterial plaque volume. Our omega-3 fatty acids dose–response analysis revealed a linear relationship with TG and a “J” shaped curve for TC and LDL-C levels. Our findings suggest that omega-3 fatty acids intake had a positive impact on the circulating levels of TG and TC. Our findings underscore the importance of tailoring omega-3 fatty acids dosage to individual patient needs in clinical practice.

Trial Registration: PROSPERO:CRD42023486434

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摄入Omega-3脂肪酸对冠心病患者脂质代谢和斑块体积的影响：随机临床试验的系统评价和剂量-反应荟萃分析

本研究对23项随机对照试验（rct）进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析，共纳入了2061名确诊为冠心病的患者。目的是评估摄入omega-3脂肪酸对血脂和动脉斑块体积的影响。补充Omega-3脂肪酸可显著降低循环中甘油三酯（TGs）水平（标准化平均差[SMD] = - 0.25, 95%可信区间[CI] = - 0.38至- 0.11）和总胆固醇（TC）水平（SMD = - 0.12, 95% CI = - 0.23至- 0.02），对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平或动脉斑块体积无显著影响。我们的omega-3脂肪酸剂量反应分析显示与TG呈线性关系，TC和LDL-C呈“J”形曲线。我们的研究结果表明，摄入omega-3脂肪酸对TG和TC的循环水平有积极的影响。我们的发现强调了在临床实践中根据个体患者的需要定制omega-3脂肪酸剂量的重要性。试验注册：PROSPERO:CRD42023486434

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来源期刊

Food Science & Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

5.10%

发文量

434

审稿时长

24 weeks

期刊介绍： Food Science & Nutrition is the peer-reviewed journal for rapid dissemination of research in all areas of food science and nutrition. The Journal will consider submissions of quality papers describing the results of fundamental and applied research related to all aspects of human food and nutrition, as well as interdisciplinary research that spans these two fields.