The helion charge radius from laser spectroscopy of muonic helium-3 ions

IF 44.7 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Science Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI:10.1126/science.adj2610

Karsten Schuhmann, Luis M. P. Fernandes, François Nez, Marwan Abdou Ahmed, Fernando D. Amaro, Pedro Amaro, François Biraben, Tzu-Ling Chen, Daniel S. Covita, Andreas J. Dax, Marc Diepold, Beatrice Franke, Sandrine Galtier, Andrea L. Gouvea, Johannes Götzfried, Thomas Graf, Theodor W. Hänsch, Malte Hildebrandt, Paul Indelicato, Lucile Julien, Klaus Kirch, Andreas Knecht, Franz Kottmann, Julian J. Krauth, Yi-Wei Liu, Jorge Machado, Cristina M. B. Monteiro, Françoise Mulhauser, Boris Naar, Tobias Nebel, Joaquim M. F. dos Santos, José Paulo Santos, Csilla I. Szabo, David Taqqu, João F. C. A. Veloso, Andreas Voss, Birgit Weichelt, Aldo Antognini, Randolf Pohl, The CREMA Collaboration

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Abstract

Hydrogen-like light muonic ions, in which one negative muon replaces all of the electrons, are extremely sensitive probes of nuclear structure. Using pulsed laser spectroscopy, we have measured three 2S-2P transitions in the muonic helium-3 (μ³He⁺) ion, an ion formed by a negative muon and bare helium-3 nucleus. This allowed us to extract the Lamb shift, the 2P fine structure splitting, and the 2S-hyperfine splitting in μ³He⁺. Comparing these measurements with theory, we determined the root-mean-square charge radius of the helion (³He nucleus) to be r_h = 1.97007(94) fm, in good agreement with the value from elastic electron scattering but a factor 15 more accurate. Our results represent benchmarks for few-nucleon theories and open the way for precision quantum electrodynamics tests in He atoms and ions.

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氦-3介子离子的激光光谱学研究

类氢光介子离子，其中一个负的介子取代了所有的电子，是对核结构极其敏感的探针。利用脉冲激光光谱，我们测量了介子氦-3 （μ3He+）离子中的三个2S-2P跃迁，这是一个由负介子和裸氦-3核形成的离子。这使我们能够在μ3He+中提取Lamb位移、2P精细结构分裂和2s超精细分裂。将这些测量值与理论值进行比较，我们确定了荷子（3He核）的均方根电荷半径为rh = 1.97007(94) fm，与弹性电子散射的值很好地吻合，但比理论值精确15倍。我们的结果代表了少核子理论的基准，并为He原子和离子的精确量子电动力学测试开辟了道路。

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来源期刊

Science 综合性期刊-综合性期刊

CiteScore

61.10

自引率

0.90%

发文量

审稿时长

2.1 months

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