Controllable high-order LP mode-locked fiber laser based on superimposed acoustically induced fiber gratings

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI:10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113188

Tao Han, Zhengwei Zhang, Jiafeng Lu, Jiangtao Xu, Xiang Li, Fufei Pang, Xianglong Zeng

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

High-order modes exhibit intricate spatial oscillations, which facilitate more uniform and stable energy distribution within the laser cavity. In particular, high-order linearly polarized (LP) modes that demonstrate superior performance compared to random or nonlinearly polarized modes effectively mitigate mode competition and suppress noise interference. This leads to significant enhancement in both the stability and efficiency of laser output. Here, this study demonstrates, for the first time, the application of superimposed acoustically induced fiber gratings (SAIFGs) to generate higher-order LP-modes other than

{L P}_{11}

{L P}_{21}

and

{L P}_{02}

, such as

{L P}_{31}

and

{L P}_{12}

. Over a wide dynamic range of wavelengths, the mode converter maintains excellent tunability, with the modes presenting high purity. Under dual-resonant response, LP-modes exhibit orthogonal characteristics. Furthermore, during frequency tuning between two orthogonal LP-modes, the evolution of LP-mode component weights in the hybrid modes is analyzed by using the deep learning-based stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm, which enables precise control of the mode composition. In high-energy Yb-doped fiber lasers, high-order LP-modes output can be achieved, and the temporal evolution of the pulse exhibits characteristics consistent with dissipative soliton dynamics. Additionally, we observed the hybrid modes (comprising

{L P}_{01}

and

{L P}_{11}

components) at the few-mode fiber (FMF) end, where each component maintains the mode-locked (ML) state.

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基于叠加声致光纤光栅的可控高阶LP锁模光纤激光器

高阶模表现出复杂的空间振荡，使得激光腔内的能量分布更加均匀稳定。特别是，与随机或非线性极化模式相比，高阶线性极化（LP）模式表现出优越的性能，有效地缓解了模式竞争并抑制了噪声干扰。这使得激光输出的稳定性和效率显著提高。在这里，本研究首次展示了叠加声诱导光纤光栅（saifg）在LP11、LP21和LP02之外的高阶lp模式的应用，如LP31和LP12。在较宽的波长动态范围内，模式转换器保持良好的可调性，模式呈现高纯度。在双共振响应下，lp模表现出正交特性。此外，在两个正交lp模态之间的频率调谐过程中，采用基于深度学习的随机并行梯度下降（SPGD）算法分析了混合模态中lp模态分量权重的演变，从而实现了模态组成的精确控制。在高能掺镱光纤激光器中，可以实现高阶lp模式输出，脉冲的时间演化表现出与耗散孤子动力学一致的特征。此外，我们在少模光纤（FMF）端观察到混合模式（包括LP01和LP11组件），其中每个组件保持锁模（ML）状态。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Optics and Laser Technology 物理-光学

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

10.00%

发文量

1060

审稿时长

3.4 months

期刊介绍： Optics & Laser Technology aims to provide a vehicle for the publication of a broad range of high quality research and review papers in those fields of scientific and engineering research appertaining to the development and application of the technology of optics and lasers. Papers describing original work in these areas are submitted to rigorous refereeing prior to acceptance for publication. The scope of Optics & Laser Technology encompasses, but is not restricted to, the following areas: •development in all types of lasers •developments in optoelectronic devices and photonics •developments in new photonics and optical concepts •developments in conventional optics, optical instruments and components •techniques of optical metrology, including interferometry and optical fibre sensors •LIDAR and other non-contact optical measurement techniques, including optical methods in heat and fluid flow •applications of lasers to materials processing, optical NDT display (including holography) and optical communication •research and development in the field of laser safety including studies of hazards resulting from the applications of lasers (laser safety, hazards of laser fume) •developments in optical computing and optical information processing •developments in new optical materials •developments in new optical characterization methods and techniques •developments in quantum optics •developments in light assisted micro and nanofabrication methods and techniques •developments in nanophotonics and biophotonics •developments in imaging processing and systems