Size reduction and particle size influence the quantification of phenolic-type compounds and antioxidant activity in plant food matrices

Abstract

Background

Particle size reduction is a critical step in analytical methods used to evaluate bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in plant foods. In laboratory assays, reducing particle size enhances the efficiency of solvent extraction, which is essential for accurately quantifying and identifying target bioactive compounds. However, many current analytical methodologies fail to report detailed size reduction processes, leading to inconsistent particle sizes and potentially unreliable results. This lack of standardization may significantly impact the extraction process, as inadequate particle reduction can limit solvent access to target molecules, ultimately affecting both the bioavailability and bioactivity of the compounds under study.

Scope and approach

This article examines the crucial role of particle size reduction in analytical methods for evaluating bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in plant food matrices. It explores the fundamental principles of particle size reduction and solid-liquid extraction, emphasizing the influence of the plant's cellular matrix on these processes. Given that variability in analytical outcomes may arise from inefficient extraction due to particle size differences, we argue that inconsistencies in reporting can lead to inaccurate conclusions about the potential health benefits of plant-based bioactive compounds. To enhance reliability, we suggest that methodologies for quantifying phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity should include specific particle size parameters to ensure comparability and reproducibility of results.

Key findings and conclusions

By reviewing existing literature, we illustrate the significant impact of particle size on analytical accuracy and the interpretation of health-related data. Studies that fail to control or report particle size variation may introduce errors in bioactive compound quantification, leading to misleading conclusions about their health-promoting properties. Standardizing particle size reduction protocols in analytical methods can improve the consistency and reliability of research findings, ultimately strengthening the scientific basis for understanding the role of plant-based bioactive compounds in human health.