Associations of low-carbohydrate diets patterns with the risk of hyperuricemia: a national representative cross-sectional study in Korea.

IF 4.4 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Journal Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI:10.1186/s12937-025-01122-8

Seungyoun Jung, Yoon Jung Park

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The association between low-carbohydrate diets and hyperuricemia risk, a significant risk factor for gout and cardiometabolic morbidities, remains inconclusive, partly due to differing effects of replacing carbohydrates with animal- or plant-based macronutrients. This study examined associations between low-carbohydrate diet patterns and hyperuricemia risk in 39,880 adults in the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Study 2016-2022.

Methods: Diet was assessed via a 24-hour dietary recall. The overall, animal-rich, and plant-rich low-carbohydrate diet score (LCDS) was calculated based on percent energy derived from protein and fat in animal and plant food sources. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid levels > 7.0 mg/dL for men and > 6.0 mg/dL for women. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression models to estimate the risk of hyperuricemia across quintiles of LCDS.

Results: A significantly greater risk of hyperuricemia was observed among individuals with higher overall LCDS (OR for quintile 5 vs. quintile 1 [Q5vs.Q1]: 1.41, 95%CI:1.22-1.63, P-trend: <0.001) and animal-rich LCDS (OR_Q5vs.Q1: 1.28, 95%CI:1.12-1.47, P-trend: <0.001), but not with plant-rich LCDS (OR_Q5vs.Q1: 1.00, 95%CI: 0.87-1.16). These positive associations for overall LCDS and animal-rich LCDS were evident in overweight individuals (OR_Q5vsQ1: 1.53, 95%CI: 1.29-1.82 for overall LCDS; and 1.39, 95%CI: 1.19-1.63 for animal-rich LCDS; all P-trends < 0.001), but not in non-overweight individuals (all P-interactions: <0.001).

Conclusions: In our study, animal-based low-carbohydrate diets were associated with a greater risk of hyperuricemia, while no association was observed for plant-based low-carbohydrate diets. Larger cohort studies are warranted to replicate these findings.

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低碳水化合物饮食模式与高尿酸血症风险的关联：韩国一项具有全国代表性的横断面研究。

背景：低碳水化合物饮食与高尿酸血症风险（痛风和心脏代谢疾病的一个重要危险因素）之间的关系仍然没有定论，部分原因是用动物或植物的大量营养素代替碳水化合物的效果不同。本研究在2016-2022年韩国国家健康与营养检查研究中调查了39,880名成年人的低碳水化合物饮食模式与高尿酸血症风险之间的关系。方法：通过24小时的饮食回顾来评估饮食。总体而言，富含动物和植物的低碳水化合物饮食评分（LCDS）是根据动物和植物食物来源中蛋白质和脂肪的能量百分比计算的。高尿酸血症的定义是：男性血清尿酸水平为> 7.0 mg/dL，女性血清尿酸水平为> 6.0 mg/dL。使用logistic回归模型计算多变量校正优势比（ORs）和95%置信区间（CIs），以估计LCDS中五分位数的高尿酸血症风险。结果：在总体LCDS较高的个体中，观察到高尿酸血症的风险显着增加（五分位5vs五分位1的OR）。Q1]: 1.41, 95%CI:1.22-1.63, P-trend: Q5vs。Q1: 1.28, 95%CI:1.12-1.47, P-trend: Q5vs。Q1: 1.00, 95%ci: 0.87-1.16)。总体lcd和富含动物的lcd之间的这些正相关在超重个体中很明显(总体lcd的ORQ5vsQ1: 1.53, 95%CI: 1.29-1.82；1.39, 95%CI: 1.19-1.63；结论：在我们的研究中，以动物为基础的低碳水化合物饮食与更高的高尿酸血症风险相关，而以植物为基础的低碳水化合物饮食没有观察到相关。更大规模的队列研究可以证实这些发现。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition Journal NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Nutrition Journal publishes surveillance, epidemiologic, and intervention research that sheds light on i) influences (e.g., familial, environmental) on eating patterns; ii) associations between eating patterns and health, and iii) strategies to improve eating patterns among populations. The journal also welcomes manuscripts reporting on the psychometric properties (e.g., validity, reliability) and feasibility of methods (e.g., for assessing dietary intake) for human nutrition research. In addition, study protocols for controlled trials and cohort studies, with an emphasis on methods for assessing dietary exposures and outcomes as well as intervention components, will be considered. Manuscripts that consider eating patterns holistically, as opposed to solely reductionist approaches that focus on specific dietary components in isolation, are encouraged. Also encouraged are papers that take a holistic or systems perspective in attempting to understand possible compensatory and differential effects of nutrition interventions. The journal does not consider animal studies. In addition to the influence of eating patterns for human health, we also invite research providing insights into the environmental sustainability of dietary practices. Again, a holistic perspective is encouraged, for example, through the consideration of how eating patterns might maximize both human and planetary health.