[Substance Use Disorder as a Comorbidity in Patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder].

IF 1 4区 医学 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Acta medica portuguesa Pub Date : 2025-06-02 Epub Date: 2025-04-28 DOI:10.20344/amp.21937
Maria Inês Ribeiro, Gustavo França
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder manifested by inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity. It is a disorder that begins in childhood but can persist into adulthood. It is associated with the emergence of various comorbidities, including, very often, the development of substance use disorders (SUD). When present simultaneously, they contribute to more severe presentations of both conditions and makes treatment more complex and challenging. Despite being different conditions, they have potentially common etiological pathways. The main aims of this article were to study the correlation between ADHD and SUD, particularly concerning the prevalence of this association, etiology and what are the best diagnostic and treatment strategies. We conclude that SUD is one of the most common comorbidities among ADHD patients, with genetic factors, neuroanatomical and neurophysiological impairments correlating both conditions. Patients with ADHD and SUD have an earlier onset of SUD, heavier abuse and worse outcomes. Special attention to this disorder is recommended in patients with ADHD. Furthermore, an active search for ADHD in patients with SUD is highly recommended, which can be carried out in the first place with self-reported scales. The appropriate treatment seems to involve a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, with strategies targeting both conditions.

[物质使用障碍是注意缺陷多动障碍患者的合并症]。
注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是一种神经发育障碍,表现为注意力不集中和/或多动和冲动。这是一种从童年开始,但可以持续到成年的疾病。它与各种合并症的出现有关,通常包括物质使用障碍(SUD)的发展。当同时出现时,它们会导致两种情况的更严重表现,并使治疗更加复杂和具有挑战性。尽管情况不同,但它们具有潜在的共同病因途径。本文的主要目的是研究ADHD与SUD之间的相关性,特别是这种关联的患病率,病因以及最佳诊断和治疗策略。我们得出结论,SUD是ADHD患者中最常见的合并症之一,遗传因素、神经解剖和神经生理损伤与两者相关。患有ADHD和SUD的患者出现SUD的时间更早,滥用更严重,结果更差。建议ADHD患者特别注意这种障碍。此外,强烈建议在SUD患者中积极寻找ADHD,这可以首先通过自我报告的量表进行。适当的治疗似乎包括药物和非药物方法的结合,针对两种情况的策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Acta medica portuguesa
Acta medica portuguesa MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
16.70%
发文量
256
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The aim of Acta Médica Portuguesa is to publish original research and review articles in biomedical areas of the highest standard, covering several domains of medical knowledge, with the purpose to help doctors improve medical care. In order to accomplish these aims, Acta Médica Portuguesa publishes original articles, review articles, case reports and editorials, among others, with a focus on clinical, scientific, social, political and economic factors affecting health. Acta Médica Portuguesa will be happy to consider manuscripts for publication from authors anywhere in the world.
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