Effect of E-waste on concrete during combined chlorination and compression loading using electro-mechanical impedance technique

IF 5.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Measurement Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI:10.1016/j.measurement.2025.117832

Gaurav Kumar, Tushar Bansal, Dayanand Sharma

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of electronic waste (E-waste) on durability properties, resonance frequency, amplitude, statistical parameters and equivalent stiffness of concretes during combined chlorination action and compression loading using surface bonded piezo sensor (SBPS) based electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) technique. The experiment was conducted on prism specimens which are made up of conventional concrete and E-waste concrete (15 % replacement of natural aggregate by weight with E-waste). Several parameters including chloride penetration, chloride profiles, diffusion coefficient, and surface concentration are determined to understand the effect on chloride profiles. The EMI signatures and statistical parameters such as Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) are determined for qualitative and quantitative analysis of signatures. Further, the equivalent structural parameters such as mass and stiffness were identified to assess the deterioration of concrete in terms of mechanical parameters. Based on the results, it is found that the RMSD value of conventional concrete shows a steady increase in deterioration up to 13 % by day 19 before stabilizing, E-waste concrete experiences a more significant peak deviation of 32.83 % by day 23. E-waste concrete exhibits a more significant initial stiffness loss, dropping from 93.7 kNs/m to 57.48 kNs/m in just 9 days, whereas conventional concrete declines gradually from 21.84 kNs/m to 20.20 kNs/m. Thus, it is concluded that E-waste concrete exhibits higher initial deterioration, with significant stiffness and mass loss, as well as greater RMSD deviations.

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利用机电阻抗技术研究氯化压缩复合加载过程中电子垃圾对混凝土的影响

本研究采用基于表面键合压电传感器（SBPS）的机电阻抗（EMI）技术，研究了电子垃圾（E-waste）对混凝土在联合氯化作用和压缩加载过程中的耐久性、共振频率、振幅、统计参数和等效刚度的影响。实验是在棱镜试件上进行的，棱镜试件由传统混凝土和电子垃圾混凝土组成（电子垃圾代替天然骨料重量的15%）。确定了氯离子渗透、氯离子分布、扩散系数和表面浓度等参数，以了解对氯离子分布的影响。确定电磁干扰特征和统计参数，如均方根偏差（RMSD），用于特征的定性和定量分析。此外，确定了等效结构参数，如质量和刚度，以评估混凝土在力学参数方面的劣化。结果表明，常规混凝土的RMSD值在第19天趋于稳定之前，劣化程度稳步上升，达到13%，电子垃圾混凝土在第23天出现了更为显著的峰值偏差，达到32.83%。电子垃圾混凝土表现出更显著的初始刚度损失，在短短9天内从93.7 kn /m下降到57.48 kn /m，而传统混凝土则从21.84 kn /m逐渐下降到20.20 kn /m。由此得出结论，电子垃圾混凝土表现出更高的初始劣化，具有显著的刚度和质量损失，以及更大的RMSD偏差。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Measurement 工程技术-工程：综合

CiteScore

10.20

自引率

12.50%

发文量

1589

审稿时长

12.1 months

期刊介绍： Contributions are invited on novel achievements in all fields of measurement and instrumentation science and technology. Authors are encouraged to submit novel material, whose ultimate goal is an advancement in the state of the art of: measurement and metrology fundamentals, sensors, measurement instruments, measurement and estimation techniques, measurement data processing and fusion algorithms, evaluation procedures and methodologies for plants and industrial processes, performance analysis of systems, processes and algorithms, mathematical models for measurement-oriented purposes, distributed measurement systems in a connected world.