Photon and quasi-constructive quantization controlled by Rabi-frequency and phase perturbation in Eu3+: NaYF4 and Sm3+: BiPO4

Abstract

This study investigates a novel phenomenon of quasi-constructive and photon quantization in Eu³⁺: NaYF₄ and Sm³⁺: BiPO₄ crystals by varying key parameters (power, angle, phase perturbations and bandwidth). Strong destructive quantization is evident under narrowband excitation, while broadband excitation gives rise to quasi-constructive quantization, driven by the balance between phase perturbation and the de-phase rate. At low power, single-laser excitation exhibited stronger quasi-constructive quantization compared to two-laser interactions, as the latter experienced destructive interference. Stronger Temporal Autler Townes TAT is favored by two-laser interactions, low power, and small angles, whereas weaker TAT is observed with single-laser excitation, higher power, and larger angles. Moreover, the bandwidth contrast for two-laser excitation at larger angles is 18.75 % higher compared to single-laser excitation at small angles and low power 4 %. Broadband excitation for Sm³⁺: BiPO₄ demonstrates photon quantization influenced by external field dressing (Photon Rabi-frequency). These results highlight the potential of controlling photon quantization for applications in multichannel filter and quantum technologies.