Single-wavelength 100-Gbps PAM-4 TDM-ZR-PON supporting 80-km downstream transmission with Over 31-dB power budget enabled by BDFA and SFO compensation

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI:10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113025

Jianyu Long , Chen Wang , Jianjun Yu , Bohan Sang , Xiongwei Yang , Yifan Chen , Long Zhang , Ying Wu , Ying Wang , Yichen Li , Kaihui Wang , Wen Zhou , Li Zhao , Tingyun Wang , Jianxiang Wen , Feng Zhao , Yingxiong Song , Yanyi Wang , Jiao Zhang , Min Zhu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Single-wavelength intensity modulation/direct detection (IM/DD) passive optical networks (PONs) with less system costs and digital signal processing (DSP) complexity are still promising in the next generation of 100 Gbps PON systems, compared with the coherent scheme. In this paper, we propose to use a digital-interpolation-based sampling frequency offset (SFO) compensation method and bismuth-doped fiber amplifier (BDFA) in a single-wavelength 100-Gbps PAM-4 80-km-reach time-division multiplexing- (TDM-)ZR-PON downstream transmission system in the O-band, achieving a power budget of 31.1 dB by experimental demonstration. The BDFA with lower nonlinearity compared to semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), ensures superior bit error rate (BER) performance for 50-GBaud 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) signals over 80-km standard single-mode-fiber (SSMF) transmission. Meanwhile, the proposed SFO compensation method maintains steady BER performance below the threshold, effectively addressing SFO up to 1000 ppm or payload durations up to 60 microseconds. In contrast, neglecting SFO or relying solely on the widely-used timing recovery Gardner method with near symbol interpolation proves insufficient for such scenarios. We also analyze SFO-induced inter-symbol interference (ISI) and demonstrate how it disrupts digital equalizers and universal clock recovery algorithms like Gardner’s method.

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单波长100 gbps PAM-4 TDM-ZR-PON支持80公里下游传输，通过BDFA和SFO补偿实现超过31 db的功率预算

与相干方案相比，单波长强度调制/直接检测（IM/DD）无源光网络（PON）具有更低的系统成本和数字信号处理（DSP）复杂性，在下一代100 Gbps PON系统中仍有很大的发展前景。本文提出了一种基于数字插值的采样频偏（SFO）补偿方法和掺铋光纤放大器（BDFA），用于单波长100 gbps PAM-4 80 km波段TDM- ZR-PON下行传输系统，通过实验论证，实现了31.1 dB的功率预算。与半导体光放大器（SOA）相比，BDFA具有更低的非线性，确保了在80公里标准单模光纤（SSMF）传输的50 gbaud 4级脉冲幅度调制（PAM-4）信号的优越误码率（BER）性能。同时，所提出的SFO补偿方法保持稳定的误码率性能低于阈值，有效地解决SFO高达1000ppm或有效载荷持续时间长达60微秒的问题。相比之下，忽略SFO或仅仅依靠广泛使用的带有近符号插值的定时恢复Gardner方法是不够的。我们还分析了sfo引起的符号间干扰（ISI），并演示了它如何破坏数字均衡器和通用时钟恢复算法，如Gardner的方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Optics and Laser Technology 物理-光学

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

10.00%

发文量

1060

审稿时长

3.4 months

期刊介绍： Optics & Laser Technology aims to provide a vehicle for the publication of a broad range of high quality research and review papers in those fields of scientific and engineering research appertaining to the development and application of the technology of optics and lasers. Papers describing original work in these areas are submitted to rigorous refereeing prior to acceptance for publication. The scope of Optics & Laser Technology encompasses, but is not restricted to, the following areas: •development in all types of lasers •developments in optoelectronic devices and photonics •developments in new photonics and optical concepts •developments in conventional optics, optical instruments and components •techniques of optical metrology, including interferometry and optical fibre sensors •LIDAR and other non-contact optical measurement techniques, including optical methods in heat and fluid flow •applications of lasers to materials processing, optical NDT display (including holography) and optical communication •research and development in the field of laser safety including studies of hazards resulting from the applications of lasers (laser safety, hazards of laser fume) •developments in optical computing and optical information processing •developments in new optical materials •developments in new optical characterization methods and techniques •developments in quantum optics •developments in light assisted micro and nanofabrication methods and techniques •developments in nanophotonics and biophotonics •developments in imaging processing and systems