Placental and Cord Blood DNA Methylation Changes Associated With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Marginalized Population: The Untold Role of Saturated Fats

IF 4.5 2区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI:10.1002/mnfr.70058

Fatima Ahmad, Sidra Aftab Uzair, Arun P. Lakshmanan, Shaikha Alabduljabbar, Salma H. Ahmed, Basirudeen Syed Ahamed Kabeer, Alexandra Katharina Marr, Tomoshige Kino, Tobias Brummaier, Rose McGready, François Nosten, Damien Chaussabel, Souhaila Al Khodor, Annalisa Terranegra

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Abstract

The role of DNA methylation (DNAm) and its modulation by dietary factors in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains underexplored, particularly in marginalized populations. This study investigates DNAm alterations in GDM-exposed cord blood and placenta and their association with maternal dietary quality and single nutrient intake in a low-income population from the Myanmar–Thailand border. A matched case–control design (GDM: n = 38, controls: n = 34) was selected from a Myanmar–Thailand pregnancy cohort. Dietary intake was assessed via 24-h recalls and analyzed using Nutritionist Pro, with dietary quality evaluated by the healthy eating index (HEI). DNAm was profiled in 72 cord blood and 72 placental samples using the Infinium MethylationEPIC array. Significant differences in dietary vitamin D, total folate, and saturated fat intake were observed between the groups. RnBeads analyses revealed hypomethylation as the predominant DNAm pattern in GDM, particularly at ADORA2B (placenta) and ZFP57 (cord blood) promoters. The excessive intake of saturated fats was associated with GDM hypomethylation profiles and negatively correlated with ZFP57 methylation levels. This study highlights the influence of saturated fat intake on epigenetic changes in pregnancy, revealing potential biomarkers for GDM and emphasizing the need for tailored, population-specific nutritional interventions to mitigate transgenerational health impacts.

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胎盘和脐带血DNA甲基化变化与边缘人群妊娠期糖尿病相关：饱和脂肪的未知作用

DNA甲基化（DNAm）及其由饮食因素调节在妊娠糖尿病（GDM）中的作用仍未得到充分探讨，特别是在边缘人群中。本研究调查了缅甸-泰国边境低收入人群中gdm暴露的脐带血和胎盘中dna的变化及其与母亲饮食质量和单一营养素摄入量的关系。从缅甸-泰国妊娠队列中选择匹配的病例-对照设计（GDM: n = 38，对照组：n = 34）。通过24小时回顾评估饮食摄入量，并使用Nutritionist Pro进行分析，通过健康饮食指数（HEI）评估饮食质量。使用Infinium MethylationEPIC阵列分析了72份脐带血和72份胎盘样本的dna。两组之间在膳食维生素D、总叶酸和饱和脂肪摄入量方面存在显著差异。RnBeads分析显示，低甲基化是GDM中主要的dna模式，特别是在ADORA2B（胎盘）和ZFP57（脐带血）启动子上。饱和脂肪的过量摄入与GDM低甲基化谱相关，与ZFP57甲基化水平负相关。这项研究强调了饱和脂肪摄入对妊娠期表观遗传变化的影响，揭示了GDM的潜在生物标志物，并强调需要量身定制的、针对人群的营养干预措施来减轻跨代健康影响。

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来源期刊

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

1.90%

发文量

250

审稿时长

1.7 months

期刊介绍： Molecular Nutrition & Food Research is a primary research journal devoted to health, safety and all aspects of molecular nutrition such as nutritional biochemistry, nutrigenomics and metabolomics aiming to link the information arising from related disciplines: Bioactivity: Nutritional and medical effects of food constituents including bioavailability and kinetics. Immunology: Understanding the interactions of food and the immune system. Microbiology: Food spoilage, food pathogens, chemical and physical approaches of fermented foods and novel microbial processes. Chemistry: Isolation and analysis of bioactive food ingredients while considering environmental aspects.