The moderating role of trait impulsivity on reward sensitivity and alcohol craving

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL

Addictive behaviors Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2025.108360

A.L. Sherman, A.L. Stamates

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Alcohol use is associated with an increased risk of negative consequences for young adults due to their disproportionately high rates of alcohol use. Alcohol craving (i.e., the strong desire to consume alcohol) is related to increased use for clinical populations, but scant research has examined craving and its associated factors among young adults. Reward sensitivity (i.e., the desire to obtain appetitive stimuli) and impulsivity (i.e., rash action without considering the consequences) have been independently linked to alcohol craving, but few studies examine how these factors interact with alcohol craving among young adults. Consequently, the current study sought to examine these associations via five moderation models using one of the five facets of impulsivity (i.e., positive and negative urgency, perseverance, premeditation, and sensation seeking) as the variable moderating the relationship between reward sensitivity and craving.

Methods

Two hundred and ninety-one college students completed an online survey regarding their use of alcohol, trait impulsivity, reward sensitivity, and alcohol craving.

Results

There was a significant negative interaction between levels of reward sensitivity and negative urgency. The negative associations were significant at one SD above mean levels of negative urgency.

Conclusion

Individuals who experienced lower levels of reward sensitivity had increased craving when they also experienced greater levels of negative urgency. Young adults who experience a combination of low reward sensitivity and heightened negative urgency may be at the greatest risk for alcohol craving.

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特质冲动性对奖励敏感性和酒精渴望的调节作用

背景：由于年轻人的酒精使用率高得不成比例，酒精使用与年轻人产生负面后果的风险增加有关。对于临床人群来说，酒精渴望（即强烈的饮酒欲望）与饮酒增加有关，但很少有研究调查年轻人的酒精渴望及其相关因素。奖励敏感性（即获得食欲刺激的欲望）和冲动性（即不考虑后果的鲁莽行为）被独立地与酒精渴望联系在一起，但很少有研究调查这些因素如何与年轻人的酒精渴望相互作用。因此，目前的研究试图通过五个调节模型来检验这些关联，使用冲动的五个方面之一（即积极和消极的紧迫性，毅力，预谋和感觉寻求）作为调节奖励敏感性和渴望之间关系的变量。方法191名大学生完成了一项关于他们使用酒精、特质冲动、奖励敏感性和酒精渴望的在线调查。结果奖励敏感性与负向紧迫感之间存在显著负向交互作用。负性关联在负性急迫性平均水平上高出一个标准差。结论：奖励敏感度较低的个体在经历较高水平的负面紧迫感时，渴望度也会增加。经历低奖励敏感性和高度负面紧迫性的年轻人可能最有可能渴望酒精。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Addictive behaviors 医学-药物滥用

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

4.50%

发文量

283

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Addictive Behaviors is an international peer-reviewed journal publishing high quality human research on addictive behaviors and disorders since 1975. The journal accepts submissions of full-length papers and short communications on substance-related addictions such as the abuse of alcohol, drugs and nicotine, and behavioral addictions involving gambling and technology. We primarily publish behavioral and psychosocial research but our articles span the fields of psychology, sociology, psychiatry, epidemiology, social policy, medicine, pharmacology and neuroscience. While theoretical orientations are diverse, the emphasis of the journal is primarily empirical. That is, sound experimental design combined with valid, reliable assessment and evaluation procedures are a requisite for acceptance. However, innovative and empirically oriented case studies that might encourage new lines of inquiry are accepted as well. Studies that clearly contribute to current knowledge of etiology, prevention, social policy or treatment are given priority. Scholarly commentaries on topical issues, systematic reviews, and mini reviews are encouraged. We especially welcome multimedia papers that incorporate video or audio components to better display methodology or findings. Studies can also be submitted to Addictive Behaviors? companion title, the open access journal Addictive Behaviors Reports, which has a particular interest in ''non-traditional'', innovative and empirically-oriented research such as negative/null data papers, replication studies, case reports on novel treatments, and cross-cultural research.